{"id":2098,"date":"2023-11-29T17:42:37","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T17:42:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=2098"},"modified":"2023-11-30T03:22:34","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T03:22:34","slug":"ky-nang-quan-ly-ho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/ky-nang-quan-ly-ho.html","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 N\u0103ng Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd H\u1ed3 S\u01a1"},"content":{"rendered":"

I\/ KH\u00c1I QU\u00c1T CHUNG:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y trong s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c\u00a0<\/strong>qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>– Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb
    \n– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi
    \n– X\u1eed\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u00a0nhanh g\u1ecdn, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.
    \n– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0khi\u00a0nh\u00e2n\u00a0vi\u00ean b\u1ec7nh, ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang.
    \n– Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0khi\u00a0nh\u00e2n\u00a0vi\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c\u20263. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c\u00a0<\/strong>qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 khi\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.
    \n– N\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0sao cho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm ra khi c\u1ea7n.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp.
    \n– Khi ch\u1ecdn cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, c\u00e1c\u00a0doanh nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0khi c\u1ea7n.
    \n– Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed l\u1eadp\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh\u00a0n\u00f3. T\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0do quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.
    \n– Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh\u00a0an to\u00e0n\u00a0ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0do b\u1ee5i, ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, t\u00ednh\u00a0an to\u00e0n\u00a0c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0m\u1eadt. T\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p chung c\u1ee7a\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xem x\u00e9t kh\u00e1c.
    \n– C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0n\u00ean th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 tham chi\u1ebfu qua l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c.
    \n– Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 theo d\u1ea5u ch\u00fang n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n.\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0n\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau.
    \n–\u00a0X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o\u00a0an to\u00e0n\u00a0cho\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea9m nang, s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 danh m\u1ee5c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp.
    \n–\u00a0Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chung.
    \n– Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i\u00a0thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0\u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u00a0qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb\u00a0hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.
    \n– N\u00ean\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0nh\u1eefng\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0kh\u00e1c nhau.
    \n– N\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00ean mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.
    \n–\u00a0T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0n\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u00eda sau h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.\u00a0T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0sau c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0n\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.
    \n– Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0n\u00ean theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0t\u00ean h\u1ecd th\u00ec t\u00ean ri\u00eang n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00ec ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp theo b\u1edfi t\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00ean theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i; c\u00e1c t\u1eeb k\u00e9p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb. N\u00ean tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft trong c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. C\u0169ng n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a.
    \n–\u00a0T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady,\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn F, G \u0111\u1ebfn L, M \u0111\u1ebfn R v\u00e0 t\u1eeb S \u0111\u1ebfn Z. c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0theo s\u1ed1, theo \u0111\u1ecba\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

    II\/ C\u00c1C PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P L\u01afU TR\u1eee<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – L\u01b0u theo v\u1ea7n, m\u1eabu t\u1ef1:
    \n– L\u01b0u theo s\u1ed1, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1
    \n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef
    \n
    \n1. L\u01b0u theo v\u1ea7n, m\u1eabu t\u1ef1:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0t\u00ean:<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0H\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n: b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1\u00a0nh\u00e2n\u00a0v\u00e0o b\u00eca k\u1eb9p\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0t\u00ean (ho\u1eb7c phong b\u00ec) ri\u00eang. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ghi t\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c. B\u00ean trong m\u1ed7i h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u theo ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn xa nh\u1ea5t.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p: s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u theo v\u1ea7n m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 truy t\u00ecm c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean: n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t sinh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, h\u00e3y ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.
    \n– C\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ean : \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e3 ph\u1ee5 sau t\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0b\u00eca\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n

    – T\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3,
    \n– Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, chung chung
    \n–\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 cho c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1
    \n–\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c\u00a0c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\u00a0h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, nh\u01b0: th\u1ebb h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo v\u1ea7n m\u1eabu t\u01b0, th\u1ebb h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh, k\u1eb9p\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0(c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh).
    \n– K\u1eb9p\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng:\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n,\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0cho m\u1ed7i ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh.
    \n– C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo \u0111\u1ecba danh:<\/p>\n

    – C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.
    \n– C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch\u00a0tra c\u1ee9u\u00a0ch\u00e9o theo t\u00ean, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 truy t\u00ecm (n\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh).<\/p>\n

    2. L\u01b0u theo s\u1ed1, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0s\u1ed1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n): \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft s\u1ed1.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3 s\u1ed1), v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 7-25-30.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0b\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 s\u1ed1:\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c ch\u1eef l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong m\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0\u00a0<\/strong>thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong>\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ea5y: t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 m\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1eeda), t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n, t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 xoay, t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ph\u00edm \u1ea5n, t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 li\u00ean h\u1ee3p,\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0quay,\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0b\u00e1nh xe,
    \n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb: \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u0129a CD-ROM, ch\u1ee5p vi phim,\u2026
    \n– V\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3: nh\u00e3n b\u00eca k\u1eb9p, nh\u00e3n th\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn, nh\u00e3n ng\u0103n k\u00e9o h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, b\u00eca k\u1eb9p \u2018out\u2019<\/p>\n

    D\u00f9\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0g\u00ec, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3\u00a0t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm\u00a0n\u00e0o, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, m\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

    4. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0theo s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 theo th\u1eddi gian<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0th\u00ec thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00e1c\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1.
    \n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0k\u00fd s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i. Khi\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i sang tr\u00e1i,n\u00f3 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u1ecdc.
    \n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1ea5y ra nh\u1eefng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i:
    \n– N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng;
    \n– N\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3;
    \n– N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c;
    \n– S\u1ed1\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i l\u00e0:
    \n– Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3;
    \n– N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 tham chi\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o sai\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng may thay, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

    5. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – C\u00e1c\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 theo ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t sinh.
    \n– C\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo ng\u00e0y, tu\u1ea7n, th\u00e1ng, qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m t\u00f9y theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.
    \n–\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i v\u00e0\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian b\u00ean trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i:h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng gian nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp\u00a0t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c,v\u00ed d\u1ee5: nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u00ean file.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c\u00a0b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n\u00a0d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

    6. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0theo v\u1ea7n, m\u1eabu t\u1ef1<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ean h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi xem nh\u1eefng t\u00ean n\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. N\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o h\u01a1n n\u1eefa sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    – Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ean h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi xem nh\u1eefng t\u00ean n\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

    – Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. N\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o h\u01a1n n\u1eefa sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i: l\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i cho\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xem c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0n\u00e0o b\u1ecb\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0sai hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f9ng nhau.<\/p>\n

    7. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Trong nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu \u00edch khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi n\u00f3 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n:
    \n– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tham chi\u1ebfu qua l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

    – Th\u01b0\u1eddng khi ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c linh tinh v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i trong \u0111\u00f3, trong khi trong m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0t\u1ed1t th\u00ec m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 do s\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1edf m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trong\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0linh tinh.<\/p>\n

    8. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0theo \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – Khi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 qu\u1eadn, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\u2026 cho ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n theo m\u1eabu t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

    – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0\u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm th\u00ec mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i: n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0nh\u1eefng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho nhau; n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u; v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

    B\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i: l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1; ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin; v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba danh c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u00a0th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o\u00a0tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

    9.\u00a0<\/strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>\u00a0ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n theo b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

    – Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft
    \n– D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n
    \n– T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n

    – C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.
    \n–\u00a0Nh\u00e2n\u00a0vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u\u00a0c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u00a0kh\u00e1c nhau trong\u00a0v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng.
    \n– Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0chung
    \n– Nh\u1eefng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.
    \n– Nh\u1eefng\u00a0v\u0103n b\u1ea3n\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0\u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    10.\u00a0<\/strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>\u00a0theo t\u1eadp trung<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Qu\u1ea3n\u00a0l\u00fd\u00a0t\u1eadp trung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eafp\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u do c\u00f3\u00a0nh\u00e2n\u00a0vi\u00ean chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

    11. Nh\u1eefng\u00a0<\/strong>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/strong>\u00a0hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0l\u00e0 ch\u00fang chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gian qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 hai bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:
    \n(1)\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i vi phim \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1;
    \n(2)\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i vi\u1ec7c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m trong m\u00e1y.
    \nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1ee9 2 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i khi m\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    – Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi phim \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y do nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n sao \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 do chi ph\u00ed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0nh\u1eefng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed\u00a0nh\u00e2n\u00a0s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec, truy c\u1eadp ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0\u00a0qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0o\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u00a0c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n

    – Nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p vi phim:\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0tr\u00ean\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0thu nh\u1ecf\u00a0l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 1% kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0g\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, chi phi r\u1ebb v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tr\u1eeb khi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u00a0tr\u1ea3i chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m phim b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c phim c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

    – C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0tr\u00ean vi phim, trong \u0111\u00f3 microfiche \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

    – Rool and reel: trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p phim tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 d\u1ecdc theo cu\u1ed1n phim. Khi\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9n phim ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phim, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0theo d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t\u00a0m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0phim, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3n sao\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, ph\u1ea3i\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t\u00a0m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0v\u00e0 in.<\/p>\n

    – Cassette, cartrige v\u00e0 magazine: \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng\u00a0c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\u00a0ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n phim.\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y gi\u00fap\u00a0b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\u00a0phim \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5i, b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 hao m\u00f2n tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng<\/p>\n

    – Microfiche: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t. Microfiche l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m phim ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng\u00a0h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh\u00a0micro. M\u1ed9t micro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed9\u00a0thu nh\u1ecf\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o\u00a0ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00e1c trang\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201c n\u00e9n\u201d l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh\u00a0thu nh\u1ecf\u00a0t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00ec th\u1ebf\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ec3 xem m\u1ed9t microfiche c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u00a0m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

    – Microfiche th\u1eeb\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0trong m\u1ed9t bao c\u1ee9ng trong su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u00ed hai m\u1eb7t, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. C\u00e1i v\u00ed n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng microfiche n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m phim s\u1ebd cho bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1eefngh\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p tr\u00ean phim qua ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a phim, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p.<\/p>\n

    – Khung v\u00e0 jacket: \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n linh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c\u00a0l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c\u00a0h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0b\u1eb1ng vi phim, khung v\u00e0 jacket c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i vi phim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda. T\u00ednh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 khi\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i phim thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra c\u1ea3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i phim kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u00a0b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    – Th\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7: \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a vi phim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u00e1c th\u1ebb ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin\u00a0n\u00e0y. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u00a0nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\"\ufe0f<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG\u00a0QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd\u00a0H\u1ed2 S\u01a0\u00a0c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n MasterSkills \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    Tham kh\u1ea3m chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i :\u00a0https:\/\/masterskills.org\/Dossier-management-skills-training.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

    —————— ** —————–
    \n👉<\/span><\/span>\u00a0H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Masterskills Vietnam\u00a0👈<\/span><\/span>
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng: L\u1ea7u 9, T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Vietcomreal, 68 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ebfn Ngh\u00e9, Qu\u1eadn 1, Tp.HCM
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: T\u1eeb 8h30 ~ 17h00 (T\u1eeb Th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u)
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0H\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Tp.HCM: T\u1ea7ng 2, T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 TS Building, S\u1ed1 17, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 2, C\u01b0 x\u00e1 \u0110\u00f4 Th\u00e0nh, P.4, Q.3, Tp.HCM
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0H\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i: T\u1ea7ng 7, Trung T\u00e2m TM V\u00e2n H\u1ed3, S\u1ed1 51, L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh, Q.Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng, Tp.H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0Tel.(028) 22 194 047
    \n\"\"<\/span>\u00a0Email:info@masterskills.org<\/p>\n

    S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    I\/ KH\u00c1I QU\u00c1T CHUNG:\u00a0 1.Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?\u00a0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y trong s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[172],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2098"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2098"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2098\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2098"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2098"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}