{"id":21631,"date":"2023-12-06T02:49:34","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T02:49:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hiep-phuong-sai-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-hiep-phuong-sai.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T04:55:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T21:55:47","slug":"hiep-phuong-sai-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-hiep-phuong-sai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hiep-phuong-sai-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-hiep-phuong-sai.html","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
<\/figure>\n

Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eefa l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean hai t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a 2 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111ang x\u00e9t trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u00e2m th\u00ec 2 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t (\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n gi\u1eefa l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf so v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng) ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n l\u1ea5y t\u00edch s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa 2 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cHi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o hai bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nhau.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a hai bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu N t\u0103ng khi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu M t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m th\u00ec c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu N v\u00e0 M c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00f3i chung, hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x v\u00e0 y, hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u0301c ti\u0301nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Cov (x, y) =<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

xi v\u00e0 yi: l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x v\u00e0 y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 cho trong t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u;<\/p>\n

xm: l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x;<\/p>\n

ym: l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb y;<\/p>\n

n: l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u;<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u 5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 cho bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n cho GDP (m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i) h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 %, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 x v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 %, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 y. T\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho s\u1eb5n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Q1: x = 2; y = 10<\/p>\n

Q2: x = 3; y = 14<\/p>\n

Q3: x = 2,7; y = 12<\/p>\n

Q4: x = 3,2; y = 15<\/p>\n

Q5: x = 4,1; y = 20<\/p>\n

Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 x = 3 v\u00e0 y = 14,2. V\u1eady trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai th\u00ec theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xi tr\u1eeb \u0111i x trung b\u00ecnh (x trung b\u00ecnh = 3); sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb yi tr\u1eeb \u0111i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb y trung b\u00ecnh (y trung b\u00ecnh = 14,2) v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00edch s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 chia cho (n-1).<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ta thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 cho s\u1eb5n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

Cov (x, y) =<\/p>\n

= \u00a0= 2,85<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP t\u1eebng qu\u00fd.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai s\u1ebd t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u00ean tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c x, y n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t x, y nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee5c tung \u2013 ho\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan: gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e2m t\u00f9y v\u00e0o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 cho. M\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a 2 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh: gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa 2 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean 2 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c n\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra suy \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Ma tr\u1eadn hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ma tr\u1eadn hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Ma tr\u1eadn hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ma tr\u1eadn vu\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m \u00d7 m. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i 2 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau trong t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ma tr\u1eadn hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh K\u1ebf to\u00e1n, To\u00e1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00f3i chung. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u1edf m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0nh th\u00ec ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u1ebfu chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh K\u1ebf to\u00e1n, To\u00e1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Casio \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ecm k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ma tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1eabn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ed1n hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh CAPM th\u00ec hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean s\u00e0n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng so v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c th\u00ec nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung khi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e0ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng kh\u1ea3 quan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Mong r\u1eb1ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Pha L\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai bi\u1ebfn. Hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eefa l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean hai t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[429],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21631"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21631\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}