{"id":21815,"date":"2023-12-06T02:56:12","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T02:56:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/data-flow-diagram-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-cac-buoc-xay-dung.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T04:56:27","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T21:56:27","slug":"data-flow-diagram-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-cac-buoc-xay-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/data-flow-diagram-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-cac-buoc-xay-dung.html","title":{"rendered":"Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/figure>\n

Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi Data Flow Diagram (s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Data Flow Diagram \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Data Flow Diagram, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u2013 Data Flow Diagram.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh DFD s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin qua b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o. DFD s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, m\u0169i t\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ng\u1eafn, nh\u1eb1m hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra, \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t DFD chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DFD c\u1ea3 khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 khi mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. DFD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh doanh\u2026<\/p>\n

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\u201cData Flow Diagram gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh dung t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quy tr\u00ecnh (Process): Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (External Entity): M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con.<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data Store): N\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y hay th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a\u2026<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data Flow): Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i t\u00ean \u2013 l\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Khi hi\u1ec3u Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t DFD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a DFD s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y s\u1edbm x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u0129 m\u00f4 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DFD c\u1ea5p 0, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng quan qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra ch\u00ednh, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u Process \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 v\u1ebd c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c External Entity.<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh DFD c\u1ea5p 1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong DFD c\u1ea5p 1, quy tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf DFD c\u1ea5p 0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean DFD c\u1ea5p 2+<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chia nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a DFD c\u1ea5p 1. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c DFD c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ph\u00e2n chia t\u1edbi DFD c\u1ea5p 3 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 chi ti\u1ebft r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a DFD<\/strong><\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc DFD n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hay \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o DFD \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb t\u1edbi s\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m, c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n tham kh\u1ea3o n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f4i khi, DFD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 l\u1eadp t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

H\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Data Flow Diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi Data Flow Diagram (s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Data Flow Diagram \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[429],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21815"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21815"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21815\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}