{"id":23786,"date":"2023-12-06T08:53:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T08:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nha-nuoc-kien-tao-phat-trien-developmental-state-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:04:29","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:04:29","slug":"nha-nuoc-kien-tao-phat-trien-developmental-state-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nha-nuoc-kien-tao-phat-trien-developmental-state-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (Developmental state) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: Blog.gdi.manchester)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Developmental state.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d<\/b> l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u201cdevelopmental state\u201d. <\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra b\u1edfi Chalmers Johnson, trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cMITI v\u00e0 S\u1ef1 th\u1ea7n k\u00ec Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1925-1975\u201d (Ministry of International Trade and Industry – B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n). <\/p>\n

V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c…).<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, Chalmers Johnson x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cnh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do (free market capitalist economic system) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eadp trung (centrally planned economic system). <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/font>
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M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc do gi\u1edbi tinh hoa ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb – quan li\u00eau thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00ean, t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ecb th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 (nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p). S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: MITI c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n).<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, song n\u1eafm r\u00f5 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c qui lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00eau tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do (hay nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft), nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, PGS.TS. V\u0169 C\u00f4ng Giao, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, )<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Developmental state) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23786"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23786\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}