{"id":23819,"date":"2023-12-06T08:55:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T08:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/toi-thieu-hoa-thua-lo-loss-minimization-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:09:01","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:09:01","slug":"toi-thieu-hoa-thua-lo-loss-minimization-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/toi-thieu-hoa-thua-lo-loss-minimization-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7 (Loss Minimization) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda: TechCentral)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Loss Minimization<\/b>.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qui t\u1eafc n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi doanh thu bi\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 (P) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng\u00a0chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n\u00a0(ATC) nh\u01b0ng cao h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n (AVC).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1t sinh kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 kinh t\u1ebf ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qui t\u1eafc tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 qui t\u1eafc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/font><\/h3>\n

T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. Hai c\u00e1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0\u00a0t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\u00a0v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

P > ATC: T\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/p>\n

ATC > P > AVC: T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/p>\n

P < AVC: Ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

– V\u1edbi t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, gi\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u1edf s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi\u00a0doanh thu bi\u00ean\u00a0v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– Khi ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi doanh thu bi\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu\u00a0chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea5t k\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o hay kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi doanh thu bi\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt h\u01a1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf khi ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng ty nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 doanh thu \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f4ng ty t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi doanh thu bi\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c doanh thu, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 doanh thu \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f4ng ty t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7<\/font><\/h3>\n
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\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ea1nh tranh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. John l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111ang tr\u00f4ng b\u00ed \u0111\u1ecf. Gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng doanh thu bi\u00ean – MR) l\u00e0 2,60 \u0111\u00f4 la\/pound, giao v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean (MC) t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n (ATC) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n (AVC).\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ec gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, John ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec gi\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, John ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 6,25 pound b\u00ed \u0111\u1ecf so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo amosweb<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Qui t\u1eafc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a thua l\u1ed7 (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Loss Minimization) \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1t sinh kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 kinh t\u1ebf ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23819"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23819\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}