{"id":23924,"date":"2023-12-06T08:59:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T08:59:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gdp-danh-nghia-nominal-gross-domestic-product-la-gi-dac-diem-va-so-sanh-gdp-thuc.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:19:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:19:44","slug":"gdp-danh-nghia-nominal-gross-domestic-product-la-gi-dac-diem-va-so-sanh-gdp-thuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gdp-danh-nghia-nominal-gross-domestic-product-la-gi-dac-diem-va-so-sanh-gdp-thuc.html","title":{"rendered":"GDP danh ngh\u0129a (Nominal Gross Domestic Product) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh GDP th\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: Debandje)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Nominal Gross Domestic Product, <\/b>vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Nominal GDP.<\/b><\/p>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i GDP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

GDP l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. GDP danh ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi GDP th\u1ef1c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 GDP danh ngh\u0129a bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 do l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/font><\/h3>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/b> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, GDP danh ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng con s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh trong GDP danh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 theo gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/font><\/h3>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec GDP danh ngh\u0129a<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u00ean t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP danh ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y sang n\u0103m kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u00f9ng t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00f9ng nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho GDP danh ngh\u0129a tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kinh t\u1ebf v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c mua c\u1ee7a thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng\u00a0(CPI) ho\u1eb7c\u00a0ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u00a0(PPI).<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 CPI \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PPI, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 chung c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i chi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng 10% trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng 10%, th\u00ec thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c mua) kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi GDP th\u1ef1c<\/font><\/h3>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta so s\u00e1nh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP gi\u1eefa hai th\u1eddi k\u00ec, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP danh ngh\u0129a <\/b>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u0103m g\u1ed1c (base year) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu khi so s\u00e1nh GDP t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y sang n\u0103m kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb n\u0103m g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t GDP.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng 1% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m g\u1ed1c th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t l\u00e0: 1 + 1% = 1.01<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi so s\u00e1nh GDP trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

GDP th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng GDP danh ngh\u0129a tr\u1eeb \u0111i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y sang th\u1eddi k\u00ec kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

GDP th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y GDP danh ngh\u0129a chia cho ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t GDP.<\/i><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/b>gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng GDP danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 $2.000.000, trong khi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t GDP cho th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng 1% k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m g\u1ed1c. GDP th\u1ef1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

GDP th\u1ef1c = $2.000.000 \/ 1.01 = $1.980.198<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GDP danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ecb sa l\u1ea7y trong suy tho\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi k\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP danh ngh\u0129a \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, GDP danh ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2m trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

GDP danh ngh\u0129a \u00e2m s\u1ebd b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n GDP danh ngh\u0129a (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Nominal Gross Domestic Product) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i GDP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23924"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23924\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}