{"id":23982,"date":"2023-12-06T09:02:51","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:02:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/boi-chi-deficit-spending-la-gi-dac-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:29:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:29:52","slug":"boi-chi-deficit-spending-la-gi-dac-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/boi-chi-deficit-spending-la-gi-dac-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9i chi (Deficit Spending) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-body vceditor-content wi-active\" data-role=\"content\">\n<figure class=\"VCSortableInPreviewMode\" type=\"Photo\" style=\"\">\n<div><\/div><figcaption class=\"PhotoCMS_Caption\">\n<p data-placeholder=\"[nh\u1eadp ch\u00fa th\u00edch]\">(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: Santa Cruz Sentinel)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">B\u1ed9i chi<\/font><\/h2>\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><span>B\u1ed9i chi<\/span> <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 <b>Deficit Spending.<\/b>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b><span>B\u1ed9i chi<\/span><\/b> l\u00e0 khi chi ti\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng\u00a0th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch\u00a0(Budget deficit).<\/p>\n<p><span>B\u1ed9i chi<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Keynes \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vay n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chi ti\u00eau t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span><\/font><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m <b><span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span><\/b> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf do nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Keynes \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Keynes l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec suy tho\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m trong chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gia t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Keynes, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u (chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e0m suy tho\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0to\u00e0n d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0(Full employment), Keynes n\u00f3i, kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chi ti\u00eau th\u00eam g\u00e2y ra l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, Keynes l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 r\u00fat th\u00eam v\u1ed1n ra kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>B\u1ed9i chi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Keynes cho r\u1eb1ng<b> b\u1ed9i chi<\/b> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n (Mutiplier Effect). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 1 USD chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n 1 USD.<\/p>\n<h3><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">S\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span><\/font><\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi Keynes. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Chicago v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, cho r\u1eb1ng<b> <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span> <\/b>s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m l\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 David Ricardio, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf cao h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec chi ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u0103ng thu\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (Modern moneytary theory) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i v\u1ec1<b> <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span><\/b> v\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ee3 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <span>b\u1ed9i chi<\/span> b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n<p>(Theo Investopedia)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-sapo\" data-role=\"sapo\">\n                            B\u1ed9i chi (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Deficit Spending) l\u00e0 khi chi ti\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.\n                        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23982\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}