{"id":23984,"date":"2023-12-06T09:02:57","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-nhan-tai-khoa-fiscal-multiplier-la-gi-dac-diem-va-cong-thuc.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:29:53","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:29:53","slug":"so-nhan-tai-khoa-fiscal-multiplier-la-gi-dac-diem-va-cong-thuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-nhan-tai-khoa-fiscal-multiplier-la-gi-dac-diem-va-cong-thuc.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a (Fiscal Multiplier) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: The CSS Point )<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Fiscal Multiplier.<\/b>\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/b> \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi\u00a0t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n\u00a0(GNP), ho\u1eb7c\u00a0t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i\u00a0(GDP).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/font><\/h3>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra (s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u00a0ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (GDP).<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gia t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu cho nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ecd cung \u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Doanh thu n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 doanh thu, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ti\u00eau t\u0103ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o\u00a0<\/i>xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean\u00a0(MPC).<\/i><\/p>\n

L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a cho r\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 MPC t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c, n\u1ebfu k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n chi ti\u00eau th\u00eam c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/b> l\u00e0:<\/font><\/p>\n

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\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ban h\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3n k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a 1 t\u1ec9 USD v\u00e0 MPC c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 0,75.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 t\u1ec9 USD ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 250 tri\u1ec7u USD v\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau 750 tri\u1ec7u USD, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn 750 tri\u1ec7u USD \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd chi 562,5 tri\u1ec7u USD,\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u00ec xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng bi\u00ean l\u00e0 0.75, n\u00ean s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a s\u1ebd l\u00e0 4. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Keynes s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 4 t\u1ec9 USD do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a 1 t\u1ec9 USD ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c<\/font><\/h3>\n

Th\u1ee9c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa chi ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng MPC.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chi ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

MPC c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a<\/b> kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Fiscal Multiplier) \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia GNP, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i GDP.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23984"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23984"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23984\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23984"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}