{"id":24009,"date":"2023-12-06T09:04:03","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/san-pham-can-bien-marginal-product-la-gi-san-pham-can-bien-duoc-tinh-nhu-the-nao.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:30:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:30:36","slug":"san-pham-can-bien-marginal-product-la-gi-san-pham-can-bien-duoc-tinh-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/san-pham-can-bien-marginal-product-la-gi-san-pham-can-bien-duoc-tinh-nhu-the-nao.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginal Product) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (MPP)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Marginal Product<\/b> hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginal Physical Product; vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: MPP).<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh v\u00f2ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1nh khi h\u1ecd thu\u00ea th\u00eam m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean. Ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2u t\u00e2y b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. Ho\u1eb7c doanh thu b\u1ed5 sung m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i bowling nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam l\u00e0n s\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean:<\/i><\/p>\n

1. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean <\/i>c\u1ee7a v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1ed1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

2. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ed5 sung do thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

3. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean <\/i>c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

4. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean <\/i>c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (cache) c\u1ee7a lithium ho\u1eb7c coban (nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eabu pin h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u).<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n th\u00f4 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng quay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1eadn bi\u00ean v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i>, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Khi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t bi\u00ean c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1nh r\u00e1n \u0111o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1nh r\u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc\/c\u00e1i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xi m\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

+ Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u00f3c, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft t\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

+ Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n. V\u00ec c\u00e1c qu\u0129 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean <\/i>c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m?<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra, trong khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. Theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung:<\/p>\n

+ Khi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> d\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t kho nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng .<\/p>\n

+ Khi m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b> s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

+ M\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1eadn bi\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Masterclass, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Paul Krugman)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Marginal Product) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ty.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24009"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24009"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24009\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}