{"id":24013,"date":"2023-12-06T09:04:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:04:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoc-thuyet-can-bien-marginalism-la-gi-hieu-ve-hoc-thuyet-can-bien.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:30:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:30:37","slug":"hoc-thuyet-can-bien-marginalism-la-gi-hieu-ve-hoc-thuyet-can-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoc-thuyet-can-bien-marginalism-la-gi-hieu-ve-hoc-thuyet-can-bien.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginalism) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginalism)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Marginalism<\/b> hay Marginality.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1eadn bi\u00ean trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/span> <\/i>l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, b\u00e1n, v.v… v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean,\u00a0l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1eadn bi\u00ean,\u00a0t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay th\u1ebf bi\u00ean\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn xung quanh c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean <\/i>v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Alfred Marshall ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m n\u0103m 1890.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf “m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t”, v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh (g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi) th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00ed h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kinh t\u1ebf t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i th\u00fa v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b><\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1eadn bi\u00ean. L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1eadn bi\u00ean m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1eadn bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 qu\u00fd h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t li n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1eadn bi\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng h\u01a1n khi s\u1edf h\u1eefu th\u00eam m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 qui lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: investopedia.com)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Marginalism) th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1eadn bi\u00ean trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24013"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24013"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24013\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}