{"id":24019,"date":"2023-12-06T09:04:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:04:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thue-xanh-green-levies-la-gi-vai-tro-va-vi-du.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:30:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:30:37","slug":"thue-xanh-green-levies-la-gi-vai-tro-va-vi-du","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thue-xanh-green-levies-la-gi-vai-tro-va-vi-du.html","title":{"rendered":"Thu\u1ebf xanh (Green Levies) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: thetimes)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Green Levies <\/b>hay Ecotaxes.<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh <\/b>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon (CO2).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2<\/font><\/h3>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a\u00a0thu\u1ebf Pigou (Pigovian taxes)\u00a0v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m chia s\u1ebb g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf xanh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua thu\u1ebf carbon, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hay c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf xanh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/font><\/h3>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thu thu\u1ebf xanh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Canada \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 3 gallon cho m\u1ed7i 62 d\u1eb7m (kho\u1ea3ng 11,4 l\u00edt\/ 100km).\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu\u1ebf x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u trong khi gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1993, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh n\u1ed5 ra tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00ec gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hay l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Green Levies,\u00a0Investopedia)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Thu\u1ebf xanh (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Green Levies) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon (CO2).\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24019"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24019"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24019\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}