{"id":24021,"date":"2023-12-06T09:04:40","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:04:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/ngan-han-short-run-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:30:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:30:37","slug":"ngan-han-short-run-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/ngan-han-short-run-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du.html","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (Short Run) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: Spiderum)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Short Run.<\/b>\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/b> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh x\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (Equilibrium) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/b> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (Long-run).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng cho thu\u00ea, giao \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1c s\u0129, y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng trong n\u0103m, th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 5 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y k\u00ec h\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 5 n\u0103m, v\u00ec trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u00a0<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trong ng\u00e0nh may m\u1eb7c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y may m\u1edbi trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n. Cho n\u00ean trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/b> so v\u1edbi d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft, than, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cao trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Glencore \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t 5 t\u1ec9 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, trong khi Vale m\u1ea5t 12 t\u1ec9 USD v\u00e0 Rio Tinto m\u1ea5t 866 tri\u1ec7u USD.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 khi gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2011.<\/p>\n

Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, n\u1ebfu b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u00ea, c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Short Run) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh x\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24021"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24021"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24021\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}