{"id":24063,"date":"2023-12-06T09:07:06","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/chu-nghia-quan-binh-egalitarianism-la-gi-cac-loai-chu-nghia-quan-binh.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:36:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:36:38","slug":"chu-nghia-quan-binh-egalitarianism-la-gi-cac-loai-chu-nghia-quan-binh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/chu-nghia-quan-binh-egalitarianism-la-gi-cac-loai-chu-nghia-quan-binh.html","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh (Egalitarianism) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: slideplayer)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/font><\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/b> hay ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Egalitarianism<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1\u00a0b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp\u00a0v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Karl Marx \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra l\u00ed lu\u1eadn M\u00e1c-x\u00edt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 John Locke \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (natural rights).\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00ed ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khi l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf. Ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb khi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia chia ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf hay ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (Economic egalitarianism), tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, sung t\u00fac. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh (Legal egalitarianism) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (Potitical egalitarianism) t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng d\u00e0nh cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf<\/font><\/h3>\n

Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 kinh doanh v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kinh doanh ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c mua h\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do. Cung ti\u1ec1n, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, thi\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00ed c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n nay li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 di c\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Egalitarianism) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24063"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24063"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24063\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}