{"id":24230,"date":"2023-12-06T12:01:58","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-tich-vong-doi-san-pham-life-cycle-analysis-lca-la-gi-loi-ich.html"},"modified":"2023-12-06T12:01:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:01:58","slug":"phan-tich-vong-doi-san-pham-life-cycle-analysis-lca-la-gi-loi-ich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-tich-vong-doi-san-pham-life-cycle-analysis-lca-la-gi-loi-ich.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (Life Cycle Analysis \u2013 LCA) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ee3i \u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Ph\u00e2n<\/div>
\n

H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: greenplanner)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hay ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Life Cycle Analysis \u2013 LCA <\/b>hay\u00a0Life Cycle Assessment.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/b> l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho t\u1edbi khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau: s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 m\u1ecdi ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2013 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u2013 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u2013 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a LCA l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m;\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sang c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nhu c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u01a1 quan; tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c; c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen b\u00ean trong; c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/font><\/h3>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a LCA l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, qui tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, GS. TS. Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh H\u01b0\u01a1ng, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Life Cycle Analysis \u2013 LCA) l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho t\u1edbi khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24230\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}