{"id":24318,"date":"2023-12-06T12:07:16","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mat-can-bang-disequilibrium-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:38:27","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:38:27","slug":"mat-can-bang-disequilibrium-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mat-can-bang-disequilibrium-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (Disequilibrium) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: in-pharmatechnologist<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (Disequilibrium)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Disequilibrium<\/b>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung\u00a0l\u1edbn h\u01a1n\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n\u00a0l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0hay th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 hay thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i Pe l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 duy nh\u1ea5t khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng tham gia trao \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 Pe, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong cung c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u00faa m\u00ec.<\/p>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n: Investopedia<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00ed\u00a0thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc John Maynard Keynes. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ed von b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3” \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

TH1: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung > L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u<\/i><\/p>\n

Theo bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00faa m\u00ec b\u00ean tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean P2, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam l\u00faa m\u00ec t\u1eeb kho d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n cao h\u01a1n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a l\u00faa m\u00ec b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt \u0111i (gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u l\u00faa m\u00ec).<\/p>\n

Khi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa Q2 v\u00e0 Q1, trong \u0111\u00f3 Q2 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung v\u00e0 Q1 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a d\u01b0 th\u1eeba tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p mu\u1ed1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u00e1n l\u00faa m\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n. L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf cho r\u1eb1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a l\u00faa m\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng Pe khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

TH2: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u > L\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho l\u00faa m\u00ec gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c P1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng mua th\u00eam l\u00faa m\u00ec t\u1ea1i\u00a0Q<\/span>2 v\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt l\u00faa m\u00ec h\u01a1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Q1) v\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, khi Pe r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng P1, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t l\u00faa m\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung. Khi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 khan hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a bu\u1ed9c gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Investopedia)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Disequilibrium) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24318"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24318"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24318\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}