{"id":24325,"date":"2023-12-06T12:07:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-nhan-ngoai-thuong-foreign-trade-multiplier-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:37:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:37:58","slug":"so-nhan-ngoai-thuong-foreign-trade-multiplier-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-nhan-ngoai-thuong-foreign-trade-multiplier-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng (Foreign trade multiplier) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng (Foreign trade multiplier)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b>\u00a0hay nh\u00e2n t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Foreign trade multiplier<\/b>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i> l\u00e0 t\u1ec9<\/span> l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.\u00a0S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edf.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u03b1 = 1\/[1-c(1-t)+m]<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

\u03b1 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1eed,<\/p>\n

c l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean,<\/p>\n

t l\u00e0 thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

m l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1eadn bi\u00ean, v\u00ec t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n

Y* =\u00a0\u03b1(C + I + G + X)\u00a0ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ra\u00a0\u0394Y =\u00a0\u03b1\u0394X hay\u00a0\u0394Y\/\u0394X =\u00a0\u03b1<\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

– S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0394Y) t\u0103ng bao nhi\u00eau khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0\u0394X.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu\u00a0\u03b1 = 3 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng 100 t\u1ec9<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam 300 t\u1ec9<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n c\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

– Khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, c\u00e1n c\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y: khi thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (M) c\u0169ng t\u0103ng, v\u00ec\u00a0M = mY. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng, thu nh\u1eadp s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1n c\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00ed<\/span> gi\u1ea3i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tho\u00e1i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Do xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tho\u00e1i. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba, n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a sang n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, v\u00ec nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3m do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n r\u00fat ra tr\u00ean qui m\u00f4 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o thu nh\u1eadp \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tho\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Foreign trade multiplier) l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24325"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24325"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24325\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24325"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}