{"id":24331,"date":"2023-12-06T12:08:06","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-domar-domar-economic-growth-model-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:38:27","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:38:27","slug":"mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-domar-domar-economic-growth-model-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-domar-domar-economic-growth-model-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar (Domar economic growth model) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar (Domar economic growth model)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Domar economic growth model<\/b>.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vai tr\u00f2 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng cung (hay t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng) c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar<\/font><\/h3>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u, chi ti\u00eau cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u. Theo l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Keynes v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thu nh\u1eadp, thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m do thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ed5 sung t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

\u0394S = s\u0394Y = \u0394I<\/p>\n

trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0394S l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, s l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean, \u0394Y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0394I l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u00e0m \u00fd<\/p>\n

\u0394Y = \u0394I\/s<\/p>\n

L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Keynes b\u1ecf qua \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a chi cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0: \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1ecf trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf g\u1eafn v\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n d\u00e0i v\u00e0 trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do Domar \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0: “n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp, v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t?”<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, Domar l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebf bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n v\u1ebf kia bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 I l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng \u03b8 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u03b8 b\u1eb1ng 1\/3 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 3.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra 1.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra 1\/3 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Khi \u0111\u00f3 \u03b8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/v\u1ed1n t\u0103ng th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y cho gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y I nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u03b8. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u00eda cung trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng th\u00eam n\u00e0y, nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u1ebf c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00f3i cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean s cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o, s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a I, m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0394I, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

\u0394Y = \u0394I. (I\/s)<\/p>\n

trong \u0111\u00f3 (I\/s) l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1eed. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n

\u0394I. (I\/s) = I\u03b8<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n do Domar l\u1eadp ra. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n hai v\u1ebf v\u1edbi s v\u00e0 chia cho I \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n

\u0394I\/I = s\u03b8<\/p>\n

V\u1ebf tr\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c to\u00e0n d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m b\u1eb1ng s\u03b8. Thu nh\u1eadp c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Domar (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Domar economic growth model) l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vai tr\u00f2 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng cung c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf theo th\u1eddi gian.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24331"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24331\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}