{"id":24333,"date":"2023-12-06T12:08:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:08:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-harrod-harrod-economic-growth-model-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:38:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:38:13","slug":"mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-harrod-harrod-economic-growth-model-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-tang-truong-kinh-te-harrod-harrod-economic-growth-model-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Harrod (Harrod economic growth model) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Harrod (Harrod economic growth model)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Harrod <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Harrod economic growth model<\/b>.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Harrod <\/i>l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Y) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (Y*) c\u1ee7a Keynes l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m (St<\/sub>) = \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (It<\/sub>) (1)<\/p>\n

Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Harrod, S ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

St<\/sub> = s.Yt<\/sub> (2)<\/p>\n

trong \u0111\u00f3 s bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (t\u1ee9c s = APS = MPS). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y h\u00e0m \u00fd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u00ec ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

I ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y sang th\u1eddi k\u00ec sau. N\u1ebfu k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Yt<\/sub>, thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Yt-1<\/sub>, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n

It<\/sub> = \u221d (Yt<\/sub> – Yt-1<\/sub>) (3)<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 3 h\u00e0m \u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1i sinh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u221d.<\/p>\n

Thay ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m St<\/sub> = s.Yt<\/sub> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 I = \u221d (Yt<\/sub> – Yt-1<\/sub>), \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (1) chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

sY = \u221d (Yt<\/sub> – Yt-1<\/sub>) (4)<\/p>\n

Chia c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (4) cho \u221dY, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n

s\/\u221d = (Yt<\/sub>\u00a0– Yt-1<\/sub>)\/ Yt<\/sub> (5)<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu thay (Yt<\/sub>\u00a0– Yt-1<\/sub>) = \u0394Yt, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0394Yt\/Yt <\/sub>= s\/\u221d (6)<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c v\u1ebf tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a thu nh\u1eadp. V\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c. V\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi k\u00ec, n\u00ean Harrod g\u1ecdi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a thu nh\u1eadp<\/i> l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m<\/i>.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cao ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, thu nh\u1eadp s\u1ebd t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng di tr\u1ec7ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (6) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1%\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng 2%\/n\u0103m. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (Harrod g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean) c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 3%\/n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (5) cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng xa r\u1eddi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tho\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Harrod (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Harrod economic growth model) quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24333\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}