{"id":24500,"date":"2023-12-06T12:18:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:18:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tang-truong-ban-cung-hoa-immiserizing-growth-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:47:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:47:46","slug":"tang-truong-ban-cung-hoa-immiserizing-growth-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tang-truong-ban-cung-hoa-immiserizing-growth-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a (Immiserizing growth) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a (Immiserizing growth)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

Immiserizing growth<\/b> t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a<\/b>. Immiserizing growth<\/i> h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng qua t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 trong l\u00ed<\/span> thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng hay s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p).<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a<\/font><\/h3>\n

– T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi Jagdish Bhagwati v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1958. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u1ea5u \u0111i so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 trao \u0111\u1ed5i\u00a0(terms of trades – TOT) c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a<\/i> n\u1ebfu th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n ba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

(1) \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

(2) Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng co gi\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thu nh\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

(3) Qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng cao trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/font><\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9<\/span> tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u00eam ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 cung v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ec9<\/span> l\u1ec7 trao \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>\u00a0c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 x\u1ea5u \u0111i, qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u00e0 do v\u1eady ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n; T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh; Encyclopedia.com)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Immiserizing growth) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng qua t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24500"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24500"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24500\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}