{"id":24526,"date":"2023-12-06T12:19:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-phoi-roi-rac-discrete-distribution-la-gi-ung-dung-phan-phoi-roi-rac.html"},"modified":"2023-12-06T12:19:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:19:19","slug":"phan-phoi-roi-rac-discrete-distribution-la-gi-ung-dung-phan-phoi-roi-rac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-phoi-roi-rac-discrete-distribution-la-gi-ung-dung-phan-phoi-roi-rac.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c (Discrete Distribution) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
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\"Ph\u00e2n<\/div>
\n

Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Wolfram.com<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/b> trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Discrete Distribution.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/b> l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span>, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span>\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eadp bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, hai l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.
<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/b> l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span>\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span> <\/b>ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u00a0ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u1ecb th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Poisson, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Bernoulli v\u00e0\u00a0ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111a th\u1ee9c.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t khi xoay m\u1ed9t con x\u00fac x\u1eafc v\u1edbi s\u00e1u m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, v\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n hay s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 s\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0 khi tung m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng xu \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t ng\u1eeda, v\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 hai.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span><\/b> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho h\u1ee3p l\u00ed nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 kho.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Do s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0<\/i>m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng Monte Carlo.\u00a0 <\/p>\n

M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng Monte Carlo l\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro.<\/i><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng Monte Carlo, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/span> sau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Discrete Distribution) l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24526"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24526"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24526\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24526"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24526"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}