{"id":24549,"date":"2023-12-06T12:21:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/suy-giam-tai-nguyen-rung-forest-degradation-la-gi-nguyen-nhan.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:50:07","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:50:07","slug":"suy-giam-tai-nguyen-rung-forest-degradation-la-gi-nguyen-nhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/suy-giam-tai-nguyen-rung-forest-degradation-la-gi-nguyen-nhan.html","title":{"rendered":"Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng (Forest degradation) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: eu)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Forest degradation.<\/b><\/p>\n

Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng<\/b> l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n, l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, do n\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

R\u1eebng <\/b>l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed7, c\u1ee7i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u1ea1o ra oxy, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00ed hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf<\/font><\/h3>\n

R\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia. Trong lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 ghi:\u00a0<\/p>\n

R\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00ed b\u00e1u m\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u01b0u \u00e1i ban t\u1eb7ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, r\u1eebng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to l\u1edbn v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

– Cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. T\u1ea1o ra nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n. Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, s\u1ee3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea5y, g\u1ed7 tr\u1ee5 m\u00f4,\u2026<\/p>\n

– Cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u qu\u00ed, ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng qui, tam th\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u1ecdng, th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, h\u1ed3i, m\u1ed9c nh\u0129, n\u1ea5m h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

– Cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

– R\u1eebng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3nh quan thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n du l\u1ecbch (x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia,\u2026)<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/font><\/h3>\n

Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (NFIMAP) chu k\u00ec III, h\u01a1n 2\/3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o;\u00a0<\/p>\n

R\u1eebng gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 r\u1eebng trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 4,6% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai cao, v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u, v\u00f9ng xa.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u khu r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 r\u1eebng Tr\u00e0m t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 manh m\u00fan.\u00a0<\/p>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc r\u1eebng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1999 \u2013 2005, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean gi\u00e0u gi\u1ea3m 10,2% v\u00e0 r\u1eebng trung b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m 13,4%.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 1991 \u2013 2001.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t r\u1eebng v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i r\u1eebng<\/b><\/p>\n

– Do chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1eebng sang \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1eabn d\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

– Do t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n canh t\u00e1c l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, du canh, du c\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c di d\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng cao v\u00e0 t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0o T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u1ec9<\/span> l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Do ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed<\/span>, n\u1ea1n khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7 l\u1eadu v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ed<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao d\u1ea5t, giao r\u1eebng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1eebng ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

– Do nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0: x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i, th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n\u2026<\/p>\n

– Do nhu c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: D\u00e2n s\u1ed1, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, . Vi\u1ec7t Nam forestry. H\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n sinh th\u00e1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Forest degradation) l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24549"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24549"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24549\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}