{"id":24560,"date":"2023-12-06T12:22:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dich-vu-he-sinh-thai-rung-forest-ecosystem-services-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:03:07","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:03:07","slug":"dich-vu-he-sinh-thai-rung-forest-ecosystem-services-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dich-vu-he-sinh-thai-rung-forest-ecosystem-services-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng (Forest Ecosystem Services) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: phongnhakebang)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Forest Ecosystem Services.<\/b><\/p>\n

Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b> la\u0300 l\u01a1\u0323i i\u0301ch mang la\u0323i cho con ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i t\u01b0\u0300 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan<\/font><\/h3>\n

Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b> (Forest Environment Services) n\u0103\u0300m trong h\u1eb9\u0302 th\u00f4\u0301ng di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng. Trong \u0111o\u0301 di\u0323ch vu\u0323 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng ru\u031b\u0300ng la\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m di\u0323ch vu\u0323 r\u01b0\u0300ng cung c\u00e2\u0301p kho\u0302ng pha\u0309i la\u0300 sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p nhu\u031b g\u00f4\u0303, cu\u0309i, la\u0302m sa\u0309n ngoa\u0300i g\u00f4\u0303.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/b> (Ecosystem Services) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i r\u01b0\u0300ng bao g\u00f4\u0300m<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 cung c\u00e2\u0301p g\u00f4\u0303: <\/b>H\u0103\u0300ng na\u0306m r\u01b0\u0300ng cung c\u00e2\u0301p khoa\u0309ng 1.7 t\u1ec9<\/span> m3 g\u00f4\u0303 tro\u0300n (FAO, 2007) tre\u0302n toa\u0300n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i va\u0300 80% la\u0300 t\u01b0\u0300 ca\u0301c qu\u00f4\u0301c gia pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n. Lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng g\u00f4\u0303 na\u0300y ho\u1ea1\u0306c \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c buo\u0302n ba\u0301n ho\u1ea1\u0306c \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng.<\/p>\n

– Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 cung c\u00e2\u0301p la\u0302m sa\u0309n ngoa\u0300i g\u00f4\u0303 (NTFPs):<\/b>\u00a0R\u01b0\u0300ng cung c\u00e2\u0301p nhi\u00ea\u0300u sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m co\u0301 gia\u0301 tri\u0323 thu\u031bo\u031bng ma\u0323i ho\u031bn la\u0300 g\u00f4\u0303, bao g\u00f4\u0300m:<\/p>\n

+ Ha\u0300ng na\u0306m r\u01b0\u0300ng tre\u0302n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i cung c\u00e2\u0301p khoa\u0309ng 1.9 t\u1ec9<\/span> m3 cu\u0309i du\u0300ng cho na\u0306ng lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng, cu\u0309i \u0111\u00f4\u0301t.<\/p>\n

+ Th\u01b0\u0323c ph\u00e2\u0309m: Bao g\u00f4\u0300m tra\u0301i ca\u0302y, m\u1ea1\u0302t ong, ha\u0323t, rau, thi\u0323t, n\u00e2\u0301m, ma\u0306ng, ma\u0302y, ….<\/p>\n

+ Du\u031b\u01a1\u0323c li\u1eb9\u0302u<\/p>\n

+ Ca\u0302y cho s\u01a1\u0323i, v\u1ea1\u0302t li\u1eb9\u0302u \u0111\u00ea\u0309 d\u1eb9\u0302t may, la\u0300m nha\u0300, du\u0323ng cu\u0323<\/p>\n

+ Th\u01b0\u0323c ph\u00e2\u0309m cho cha\u0306n nuo\u0302i<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ecd\u0302ng v\u1ea1\u0302t hoang da\u0303<\/p>\n

– Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 ba\u0309o v\u1eb9\u0302 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u ngu\u00f4\u0300n, ngu\u00f4\u0300n nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c cho thu\u0309y \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302n, thu\u0309y l\u01a1\u0323i, sinh hoa\u0323t:<\/b> R\u01b0\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u ngu\u00f4\u0300n lu\u031bu gi\u01b0\u0303, \u0111ie\u0302\u0300u ho\u0300a va\u0300 d\u01b0\u0323 tr\u01b0\u0303 nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c; t\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 \u0111o\u0301ng go\u0301p cho vi\u1eb9\u0302c ca\u0302n b\u0103\u0300ng do\u0300ng cha\u0309y nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c theo mu\u0300a.\u00a0<\/p>\n

R\u01b0\u0300ng cu\u0303ng giu\u0301p cho vi\u1eb9\u0302c la\u0300m sa\u0323ch nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c nh\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o vi\u1eb9\u0302c \u00f4\u0309n \u0111i\u0323nh \u0111\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 lo\u0323c ca\u0301c ch\u00e2\u0301t ba\u0309. Kh\u00f4\u0301i lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng va\u0300 ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng cu\u0309a do\u0300ng cha\u0309y nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c t\u01b0\u0300 r\u01b0\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u ngu\u00f4\u0300n la\u0300 quan tro\u0323ng cho no\u0302ng nghi\u1eb9\u0302p, thu\u0309y \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302n, nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c sinh hoa\u0323t, cho mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng s\u00f4\u0301ng cu\u0309a ca\u0301c loa\u0300i thu\u0309y sa\u0309n va\u0300 ca\u0301c loai \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng v\u1ea1\u0302t hoang da\u0303 kha\u0301c.<\/p>\n

– Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u00e2\u0301p thu\u0323 CO2 r\u01b0\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 gia\u0309m khi\u0301 ga\u0302y hi\u1eb9\u0302u \u01b0\u0301ng nha\u0300 ki\u0301nh \u0111\u00ea\u0309 gia\u0309m bi\u00ea\u0301n \u0111\u00f4\u0309i khi\u0301 h\u1ea1\u0302u. <\/b>R\u01b0\u0300ng co\u0301 5 b\u00ea\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301a carbon \u0111\u00ea\u0309 lu\u031bu gi\u01b0\u0303 carbon va\u0300 h\u00e2\u0301p thu\u0323 CO2 giu\u0301p cho vi\u1eb9\u0302c gia\u0309m khi\u0301 nha\u0300 ki\u0301nh trong khi\u0301 quy\u00ea\u0309n. Vi\u0300 v\u1ea1\u0302y \u0111ang hi\u0300nh tha\u0300nh chu\u031bo\u031bng tri\u0300nh REDD+ (Gia\u0309m pha\u0301t tha\u0309i t\u01b0\u0300 suy thoa\u0301i va\u0300 m\u00e2\u0301t r\u01b0\u0300ng).<\/p>\n

– Di\u0323ch vu\u0323 du li\u0323ch sinh tha\u0301i, va\u0306n ho\u0301a, nghi\u0309 du\u031b\u01a1\u0303ng: <\/b>Ha\u0300ng na\u0306m tre\u0302n toa\u0300n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i co\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 205 tri\u1eb9\u0302u kha\u0301ch \u0111\u00ea\u0301n vi\u00ea\u0301ng tha\u0306m, du li\u0323ch sinh tha\u0301i \u01a1\u0309 ca\u0301c vu\u031b\u01a1\u0300n qu\u00f4\u0301c gia.<\/p>\n

– \u00d4\u0309n \u0111i\u0323nh va\u0300 ch\u00f4\u0301ng xo\u0301i mo\u0300n \u0111\u00e2\u0301t: <\/b>Th\u01b0\u0323c v\u1ea1\u0302t r\u01b0\u0300ng giu\u0301p cho vi\u1eb9\u0302c \u00f4\u0309n \u0111i\u0323nh \u0111\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 gia\u0309m xo\u0301i mo\u0300n, r\u01b0\u0309a tro\u0302i ch\u00e2\u0301t h\u01b0\u0303u co\u031b.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng kho\u0302ng khi\u0301: <\/b>Ca\u0302y r\u01b0\u0300ng h\u00e2\u0301p thu\u0323 ca\u0301c ch\u00e2\u0301t tha\u0309i \u0111\u1ecd\u0302c ha\u0323i trong kho\u0302ng khi\u0301 va\u0300 ca\u0309i thi\u1eb9\u0302n ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng kho\u0302ng khi\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 t\u00f4\u0301t cho s\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0309e cu\u0309a con ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i.<\/p>\n

– Tho\u0302ng tin, v\u1ea1\u0302t li\u1eb9\u0302u di truy\u00ea\u0300n cu\u0309a \u0111a da\u0323ng sinh ho\u0323c. <\/b>\u0110a da\u0323ng sinh ho\u0323c la\u0300 quan tro\u0323ng \u01a1\u0309 nhi\u00ea\u0300u khi\u0301a ca\u0323nh; bao g\u00f4\u0300m vai tro\u0300 cu\u0309a no\u0301 nhu\u031b la\u0300 m\u1ecd\u0302t kho d\u01b0\u0323 tr\u01b0\u0303 v\u1ea1\u0302t li\u1eb9\u0302u di truy\u00ea\u0300n va\u0300 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111u\u031bo\u031bc s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 cho\u0323n, ca\u0309i thi\u1eb9\u0302n gi\u00f4\u0301ng th\u01b0\u0323c, \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng v\u1ea1\u0302t; \u0111o\u0301ng go\u0301p va\u0300o \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u khi\u00ea\u0309n sa\u0302u b\u1eb9\u0302nh ha\u0323i t\u01b0\u0323 nhie\u0302n va\u0300 cung c\u00e2\u0301p nh\u01b0\u0303ng sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m du\u031b\u01a1\u0323c li\u1eb9\u0302u co\u0301 gia\u0301 tri\u0323.<\/p>\n

– Qua\u0309n l\u00ed di\u0323ch ha\u0323i<\/b><\/p>\n

– L\u01a1\u0323i i\u0301ch th\u00e2\u0309m m\u0129<\/b><\/p>\n

– Ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0309m ho\u0323a thie\u0302n nhie\u0302n<\/b><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a xem x\u00e9t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0o qui ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eebng, PGS.TS. B\u1ea3o Huy. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, . B\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Forest Ecosystem Services) l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch mang l\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24560"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24560"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24560\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}