{"id":24611,"date":"2023-12-06T12:24:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T12:24:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/co-so-tien-monetary-base-la-gi-co-so-tien-qui-mo-nho-va-cac-cap-cung-tien.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T09:56:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:56:47","slug":"co-so-tien-monetary-base-la-gi-co-so-tien-qui-mo-nho-va-cac-cap-cung-tien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/co-so-tien-monetary-base-la-gi-co-so-tien-qui-mo-nho-va-cac-cap-cung-tien.html","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n (Monetary Base) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n qui m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p Cung ti\u1ec1n"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
<\/div>
\n

Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: 123RF.com<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n <\/b>hay c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7<\/b>\u00a0trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Monetary Base<\/b>.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111ang l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef trong d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o cung ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh kho\u1ea3n cao nh\u1ea5t. \u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n\u00a0<\/font><\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong cung ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thanh kho\u1ea3n cao nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu trung h\u1ea1n, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 mua tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00ean l\u00e0m cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, qu\u1ed1c gia Z c\u00f3 600 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y c\u00f3 10 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Z l\u00e0 10,6 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Cung ti\u1ec1n\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Cung ti\u1ec1n\u00a0l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thanh kho\u1ea3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Cung ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb M0 \u0111\u1ebfn M3 ho\u1eb7c M4 t\u00f9y theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p cung ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p cung ti\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 M1 v\u00e0 M2, do n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t trong l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thanh kho\u1ea3n cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m hay ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, giao d\u1ecbch thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebft s\u00e9c ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng th\u1ebb ghi n\u1ee3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1edf s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u00a0\u00a0 <\/i><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n, v\u00ec c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Do khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n<\/b>, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n (m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c thu h\u1eb9p) th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p mua v\u00e0 b\u00e1n tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n qui m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p Cung ti\u1ec1n\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u1ede c\u1ea5p h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n <\/b>l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu kho b\u1ea1c, ti\u1ec1n in, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n trong t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Cung ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n C\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Monetary Base) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111ang l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef trong d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24611"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24611"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24611\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}