{"id":25158,"date":"2023-12-07T00:14:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T00:14:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-do-hoa-lo-trinh-road-mapping-la-gi-phan-loai-va-uu-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:04:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:04:38","slug":"so-do-hoa-lo-trinh-road-mapping-la-gi-phan-loai-va-uu-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/so-do-hoa-lo-trinh-road-mapping-la-gi-phan-loai-va-uu-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh (Road-mapping) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: intheblack.com)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Road-mapping<\/b>.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty. <\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chung. <\/p>\n

Qui tr\u00ecnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00f3. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra sao v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. <\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi qui m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e0nh:<\/b> trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00ec v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh thu\u1ed9c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a. Qui tr\u00ecnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i b\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nh\u1eefng g\u00ec.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc).<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ty:<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e0nh. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m – th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/b> trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 r\u00e0 so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c – nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/b> t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n) c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/font><\/h3>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tham gia c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

– Ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a, \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng chi ph\u00ed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1edfi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi).<\/p>\n

– K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebd h\u1edf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

– S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chung t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chung c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn chung \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh (\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan).<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Road-mapping) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25158"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25158"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25158\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}