{"id":25164,"date":"2023-12-07T00:14:56","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T00:14:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khuynh-huong-phat-trien-moi-truong-ben-vung-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:07:03","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:07:03","slug":"khuynh-huong-phat-trien-moi-truong-ben-vung-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khuynh-huong-phat-trien-moi-truong-ben-vung-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: vsci)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Giai \u0111oa\u0323n ca\u0301c th\u1ea1\u0302p k\u1ec9<\/span> cu\u00f4\u0301i th\u00ea\u0301 k\u1ec9<\/span> XX, do s\u01b0\u0323 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n ma\u0323nh me\u0303 cu\u0309a co\u0302ng nghi\u1eb9\u0302p, khoa ho\u0323c co\u0302ng ngh\u1eb9\u0302, \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 hoa\u0301 va\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 kha\u0301c \u0111ang la\u0300m cho ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n thie\u0302n nhie\u0302n bi\u0323 ca\u0323n k\u1eb9\u0302t, mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, sinh tha\u0301i bi\u0323 suy thoa\u0301i, huy\u0309 hoa\u0323i.<\/p>\n

Khi\u00ea\u0301n mo\u0323i qu\u00f4\u0301c gia pha\u0309i xem xe\u0301t, \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u chi\u0309nh la\u0323i ca\u0301c chi\u0301nh sa\u0301ch pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n, trong \u0111o\u0301 co\u0301 qui hoa\u0323ch xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323, theo hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u0303ng nguye\u0302n t\u0103\u0301c quan \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng \u0111a\u0303 \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c nh\u00e2\u0300n ma\u0323nh ta\u0323i H\u1ecd\u0302i nghi\u0323 Habitat II ( Istambul na\u0306m 1996), nh\u01b0\u0303ng qui \u0111i\u0323nh v\u00ea\u0300 thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng ta\u0323i My\u0303 na\u0306m 1993, nguye\u0302n t\u0103\u0301c Hanover (\u0110\u01b0\u0301c) na\u0306m 1993 va\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u nghie\u0302n c\u01b0\u0301u kha\u0301c tre\u0302n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i.<\/p>\n

Theo quan \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m cu\u0309a xu hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng na\u0300y, \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 <\/b>la\u0300 th\u01b0\u0323c th\u00ea\u0309 g\u0103\u0301n bo\u0301 cu\u0309a h\u1eb9\u0302 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i, g\u00f4\u0300m ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n thie\u0302n nhie\u0302n, mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng (h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i, \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u1eb9\u0302n \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111ai, \u0111i\u0323a hi\u0301nh, khi\u0301 h\u1ea1\u0302u,..);\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n kinh t\u00ea\u0301, xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i, va\u0306n hoa\u0301, v\u1ea1\u0302t th\u00ea\u0309 va\u0300 phi v\u1ea1\u0302t th\u00ea\u0309 (co\u0302ng nghi\u1eb9\u0302p, di\u0323ch vu\u0323, nha\u0300 \u01a1\u0309, ha\u0323 t\u00e2\u0300ng, v\u1eb9\u0302 sinh mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0306n hoa\u0301, li\u0323ch s\u01b0\u0309,…).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 <\/b>la\u0300 ta\u0323o l\u1ea1\u0302p h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 tho\u0302ng qua t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0302ng gian v\u1ea1\u0302t th\u00ea\u0309 tre\u0302n co\u031b s\u01a1\u0309 gia\u0309i quy\u00ea\u0301t mo\u0323i ma\u0302u thu\u00e2\u0303n, ta\u0301c \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng tie\u0302u c\u01b0\u0323c gi\u01b0\u0303a pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n va\u0300 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, trong vi\u1eb9\u0302c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng ca\u0301c ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n, nh\u0103\u0300m pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u00f4\u0309n \u0111i\u0323nh va\u0300 ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u0302 thi\u0323 pha\u0309i co\u0301 vi\u0323 tri\u0301, ch\u01b0\u0301c na\u0306ng phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p v\u01a1\u0301i s\u01b0\u0323 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n chung cu\u0309a ca\u0309 nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c, vu\u0300ng va\u0300 khu v\u01b0\u0323c; pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n ca\u0302n \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i ti\u00ea\u0300m na\u0306ng cu\u0309a h\u1eb9\u0302 ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n sinh tha\u0301i, ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n kinh t\u00ea\u0301 – xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Co\u031b c\u00e2\u0301u ch\u01b0\u0301c na\u0306ng, kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 pha\u0309i ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m s\u01b0\u0323 ca\u0302n b\u0103\u0300ng, m\u00f4\u0301i quan h\u1eb9\u0302 ha\u0300i hoa\u0300 gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 nha\u0302n ta\u0323o v\u01a1\u0301i ca\u0309nh quan thie\u0302n nhie\u0302n, ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m gi\u0300n gi\u01b0\u0303, phu\u0323c h\u00f4\u0300i ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, sinh tha\u0301i;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Coi tro\u0323ng ti\u0301nh \u0111a da\u0323ng, gi\u01b0\u0303 gi\u0300n ba\u0309n s\u0103\u0301c, truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng, k\u00ea\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p ha\u0300i hoa\u0300 gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0309i ta\u0323o va\u0300 xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng m\u01a1\u0301i; a\u0301p du\u0323ng ca\u0301c ti\u00ea\u0301n b\u1ecd\u0302 khoa ho\u0323c co\u0302ng ngh\u1eb9\u0302 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n, gia\u0309m thi\u00ea\u0309u ta\u0301c \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng cu\u0309a con ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i le\u0302n mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i va\u0300 ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0323c la\u0323i,…<\/p>\n

Nguye\u0302n t\u0103\u0301c thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng co\u0300n \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c a\u0301p du\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 co\u0302ng tri\u0300nh ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c. La\u0300 b\u1ecd\u0302 ph\u1ea1\u0302n h\u01b0\u0303u co\u031b cu\u0309a ca\u0309nh quan, mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, m\u1ecd\u0302t ti\u00ea\u0309u h\u1eb9\u0302 sinh tha\u0301i, co\u0302ng tri\u0300nh \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 theo nguye\u0302n t\u0103\u0301c ca\u0302n b\u0103\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i se\u0303 ha\u0323n ch\u00ea\u0301 ta\u0301c \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng, khai tha\u0301c ta\u0300i nguye\u0302n h\u01a1\u0323p l\u00ed va\u0300 go\u0301p ph\u00e2\u0300n ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb, TS.KTS. Le\u0302 Tro\u0323ng Bi\u0300nh, 2006, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25164"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25164\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}