{"id":25172,"date":"2023-12-07T00:15:17","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T00:15:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khuynh-huong-nhan-van-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi-dac-trung.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:07:03","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:07:03","slug":"khuynh-huong-nhan-van-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi-dac-trung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khuynh-huong-nhan-van-trong-thiet-ke-do-thi-la-gi-dac-trung.html","title":{"rendered":"Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-body vceditor-content wi-active\" data-role=\"content\">\n<div class=\"VCSortableInPreviewMode\" type=\"Photo\" style=\"\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"PhotoCMS_Caption\">\n<p>H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: armacad)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">Khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng nha\u0302n va\u0306n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/font><\/h2>\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Theo khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng nha\u0302n va\u0306n, <\/b>\u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng va\u0300 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n kho\u0302ng theo mo\u0302 hi\u0300nh \u0111i\u0323nh tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c ho\u1ea1\u0306c v\u01a1\u0301i s\u01b0\u0323 ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u01a1\u0309 m\u01b0\u0301c th\u00e2\u0301p, chu\u0309 y\u00ea\u0301u \u0111a\u0301p \u01b0\u0301ng nhu c\u00e2\u0300u tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c m\u0103\u0301t cu\u0309a c\u1ecd\u0302ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng da\u0302n cu\u031b \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323.<\/p>\n<p><b>Trong \u0111\u00f3<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 <\/b>la\u0300 ngh\u1eb9\u0302 thu\u1ea1\u0302t t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323, &#8220;ngh\u1eb9\u0302 thu\u1ea1\u0302t ta\u0323o l\u1ea1\u0302p va\u0300 ba\u0309o t\u00f4\u0300n mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng v\u1ea1\u0302t th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323&#8221;; &#8220;ngh\u1eb9\u0302 thu\u1ea1\u0302t thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 mo\u0323i th\u01b0\u0301 v\u1ea1\u0302t th\u00ea\u0309 thu\u1ecd\u0302c v\u00ea\u0300 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323, tr\u01b0\u0300 ca\u0301c co\u0302ng tri\u0300nh ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c, xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng&#8221; <i>(Jonathan Barnett, M. Perfect &#038; G. Power,Anh).<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb <\/b>la\u0300 qui tri\u0300nh, phu\u031bo\u031bng pha\u0301p thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111\u1ecd\u0302c l\u1ea1\u0302p ta\u0301ch bi\u1eb9\u0302t v\u01b0\u0300a la\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u n\u00f4\u0301i gi\u01b0\u0303a v\u01a1\u0301i qui ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng va\u0300 thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c, co\u0301 \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng la\u0300 t\u00f4\u0309ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 ho\u1ea1\u0306c khu \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323; la\u0300 thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 chi ti\u00ea\u0301t xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng ca\u0301c t\u00f4\u0309ng th\u00ea\u0309 ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323.<\/p>\n<p><b>Thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 <\/b>la\u0300 mu\u0323c tie\u0302u v\u01b0\u0300a la\u0300 n\u1ecd\u0302i dung co\u0301 ti\u0301nh xuye\u0302n su\u00f4\u0301t, thu\u1ecd\u0302c v\u00ea\u0300 pha\u0323m tru\u0300 qui hoa\u0323ch xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323, g\u0103\u0301n v\u01a1\u0301i\u00a0qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh xa\u0302y d\u01b0\u0323ng va\u0300 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb la\u0300 tri\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0323, phu\u031bo\u031bng pha\u0301p v\u01b0\u0300a la\u0300 sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m cu\u0309a ngh\u1eb9\u0302 thu\u1ea1\u0302t t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323.<\/p>\n<h3><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea1\u0306c thu\u0300 cu\u0309a kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 theo khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng nha\u0302n va\u0306n mang ti\u0301nh \u0111a na\u0306ng, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng h\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p, kho\u0302ng pha\u0302n bi\u1eb9\u0302t ra\u0323ch ro\u0300i ca\u0301c khu ch\u01b0\u0301c na\u0306ng \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323, co\u0301 b\u00f4\u0301 cu\u0323c ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c &#8211; ca\u0309nh quan \u0111a da\u0323ng, co\u0301 s\u01b0\u0323 tham gia cu\u0309a mo\u0323i loa\u0323i hi\u0300nh ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c cu\u0309a c\u1ecd\u0302ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng, k\u00ea\u0301 th\u01b0\u0300a nh\u01b0\u0303ng gia\u0301 tri\u0323 ki\u00ea\u0301n tru\u0301c truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng.<\/p>\n<p>Christopher Alexander (My\u0303) \u0111a\u0303 chuy\u00ea\u0309n th\u00ea\u0309 cu\u0309a khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng tre\u0302n v\u01a1\u0301i l\u00ed thuy\u00ea\u0301t &#8221; c\u01b0\u0323c ta\u0306ng tru\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng&#8221;. L\u00ed lu\u1ea1\u0302n tre\u0302n coi kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 la\u0300 t\u00f4\u0309ng th\u00ea\u0309 th\u00f4\u0301ng nh\u00e2\u0301t, kho\u0302ng th\u00ea\u0309 chia c\u0103\u0301t, pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n lie\u0302n tu\u0323c, t\u01b0\u0300ng bu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c, kho\u0302ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111i\u0323nh tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c, co\u0301 qui lu\u1ea1\u0302t rie\u0302ng cu\u0309a no\u0301, g\u0103\u0301n v\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng ha\u0300ng nga\u0300y cu\u0309a da\u0302n cu\u031b \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 va\u0300 chi\u0309 co\u0301 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng la\u0300 \u0111a\u0301p \u01b0\u0301ng \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u1ea1\u0306c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m na\u0300y.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 kho\u0302ng pha\u0309i ta\u0323o mo\u0302 hi\u0300nh pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n m\u01a1\u0301i ma\u0300 la\u0300 qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh hoa\u0300n thi\u1eb9\u0302n kho\u0302ng gian \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng theo qui lu\u1ea1\u0302t ta\u0306ng tru\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng cu\u0309a no\u0301.<\/p>\n<p><b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/b><\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4\u0300n ta\u0323i cu\u0309a khuynh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng nha\u0302n va\u0306n\u00a0la\u0300 thi\u00ea\u0301u \u0111i\u0323nh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n la\u0302u da\u0300i, la\u0300m n\u00e2\u0309y sinh ma\u0302u thu\u00e2\u0303n, xung \u0111\u1ecd\u0302t v\u00ea\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u m\u1ea1\u0306t trong \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng cu\u0309a xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 va\u0300 ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng kho\u0301 ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 co\u0301 qui mo\u0302 l\u01a1\u0301n, la\u0300m cho \u0111o\u0302 thi\u0323 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n kho\u0302ng b\u00ea\u0300n v\u01b0\u0303ng.<\/p>\n<p><i>(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb, TS.KTS. Le\u0302 Tro\u0323ng Bi\u0300nh, 2006, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-sapo\" data-role=\"sapo\">\n                            Theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.\n                        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25172"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25172\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}