{"id":25230,"date":"2023-12-07T00:17:24","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T00:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/toc-do-phat-trien-development-index-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:09:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:09:37","slug":"toc-do-phat-trien-development-index-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/toc-do-phat-trien-development-index-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (Development index) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (Development index)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/b> t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Development index<\/b>.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n <\/i>c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qua hai th\u1eddi k\u00ec ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<\/span>th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n hay s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa hai m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau trong d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1eddi gian, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/font><\/h3>\n

T\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau:<\/p>\n

(1) T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n (hay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eebng k\u00ec<\/span>) d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua t\u1eebng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn li\u1ec1n nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

\u00a0ti <\/sub>= yi<\/sub>\u00a0\/ yi-1<\/sub><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

ti<\/sub>: t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n<\/p>\n

yi<\/sub>: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p>\n

yi-1<\/sub>: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00ec<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

(2) T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong d\u00e3y s\u1ed1).<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

Ti<\/sub> = yi\u00a0<\/sub>\/ y1<\/sub><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

Ti<\/sub>:\u00a0t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed1c<\/p>\n

yi<\/sub>:\u00a0m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p>\n

y1<\/sub>:\u00a0m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u1edf k\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c so s\u00e1nh<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau: t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng t\u00edch s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n

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(3) T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n. Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n theo m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

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Trong \u0111\u00f3:\u00a0<\/p>\n

ti<\/sub> (i=2,3,…n): c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1eddi gian g\u1ed3m (n-1) m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/font><\/h3>\n

T\u1eeb s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u00ec<\/span> 1995 – 2002, k\u00ed<\/span> hi\u1ec7u i b\u1eb1ng 1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1995 v\u00e0 i b\u1eb1ng 8 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2002, t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed1c (2002 so v\u1edbi 1995)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 T8\/1<\/sub> = 35,6\/17,7 = 2,482 ho\u1eb7c 248,2%<\/p>\n

– T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u1eddi k\u00ec<\/span> 1995 – 2002<\/p>\n

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(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, NXB Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Development index) l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qua hai th\u1eddi k\u00ec ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n hay s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25230\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}