{"id":25245,"date":"2023-12-07T00:17:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T00:17:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/qui-tac-da-kiem-chung-empirical-rule-la-gi-vi-du-ve-qui-tac-da-kiem-chung.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:16:55","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:16:55","slug":"qui-tac-da-kiem-chung-empirical-rule-la-gi-vi-du-ve-qui-tac-da-kiem-chung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/qui-tac-da-kiem-chung-empirical-rule-la-gi-vi-du-ve-qui-tac-da-kiem-chung.html","title":{"rendered":"Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng (Empirical Rule) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\"Qui<\/div>
\n

Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Datascienceupskill.com<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/b> trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Empirical Rule.<\/b><\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/b>, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc ba sigma <\/b>hay qui t\u1eafc 68-95-99.7<\/b>, l\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u1ea9n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m trong ba\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n\u00a0(k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u03c3) c\u1ee7a\u00a0gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh\u00a0(k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u00b5).\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>
\n

Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Brainly.in<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng cho r\u1eb1ng 68% quan s\u00e1t n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u00b5 \u00b1 \u03c3), 95% quan s\u00e1t n\u1eb1m trong hai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u00b5 \u00b1 2\u03c3) v\u00e0 99,7% n\u1eb1m trong ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u00b5 \u00b1 3 \u03c3).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, qui t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hay d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n, cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u1ea9n. \u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 theo ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ed7i con v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng trung b\u00ecnh 13,1 tu\u1ed5i (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 1,5 n\u0103m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n 14,6 n\u0103m, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/b>. Bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 13,1 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n: \u00a0<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 \u03c3): t\u1eeb (13.1 – 1.5) \u0111\u1ebfn (13.1 + 1.5) hay t\u1eeb 11.6 \u0111\u1ebfn 14.6 tu\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Hai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 2\u03c3): t\u1eeb 13.1 – (2 x 1.5) \u0111\u1ebfn 13.1 + (2 x 1.5) hay t\u1eeb 10.1 \u0111\u1ebfn 16.1 tu\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 3\u03c3): t\u1eeb 13,1 – (3 x 1,5) \u0111\u1ebfn 13,1 + (3 x 1,5), hay t\u1eeb 8,6 \u0111\u1ebfn 17,6 tu\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n 14,6 n\u0103m, c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c con v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 14,6 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng <\/b>cho th\u1ea5y 68% ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n, trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 11,6 \u0111\u1ebfn 14,6 n\u0103m. Do \u0111\u00f3, 32% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c 14,6 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 11,6 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t con v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 14,6 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 16% (b\u1eb1ng 32% chia 2). \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed thay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 sau, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1edf th\u00fa l\u00e0 10 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 1,4 n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 7,2 n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u00a0<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 \u03c3): t\u1eeb 8,6 \u0111\u1ebfn 11,4 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

– Hai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 2\u03c3): t\u1eeb 7,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 12,8 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

– Ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (\u00b5 \u00b1 3\u03c3): t\u1eeb 5,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 14,2 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/b> cho bi\u1ebft 95% ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1eb1m trong hai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 5% ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i hai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda tr\u00ean 12,8 n\u0103m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u01b0\u1edbi 7,2 n\u0103m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 7,2 n\u0103m l\u00e0: 95% + (5%\/2) = 97,5%\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Empirical Rule) l\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u1ea9n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m trong ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n (k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u03c3) c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh (k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u00b5).\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25245"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25245"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25245\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}