{"id":25691,"date":"2023-12-07T01:43:18","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T01:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/luat-tu-nhien-natural-law-la-gi-moi-quan-he-voi-kinh-te-hoc.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:48:54","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:48:54","slug":"luat-tu-nhien-natural-law-la-gi-moi-quan-he-voi-kinh-te-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/luat-tu-nhien-natural-law-la-gi-moi-quan-he-voi-kinh-te-hoc.html","title":{"rendered":"Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (Natural Law) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Natural Law.<\/b><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc\u00a0thuy\u1ebft<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i chi ph\u1ed1i l\u00ed lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00fang sai l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra hay chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c t\u00f2a \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <\/i>cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1eb5n trong m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i>, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nh\u1eefng l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i> \u0111an xen l\u1eabn nhau \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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Ph\u00e1t minh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 do. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <\/i>c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00ed tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a\u00a0con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

Aristotle – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i>, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn theo lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/b>“, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p”. Aristotle tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng l\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi; v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng l\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Adam Smith (1723 – 1790): nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Smith, “l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c”, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean” l\u00e0 ma tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Smith v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ba qui lu\u1eadt kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Qui lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1\u00a0t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i: M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Qui lu\u1eadt c\u1ea1nh tranh: C\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Qui lu\u1eadt cung c\u1ea7u: M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

(Theo investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Natural Law) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nh\u1eefng l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25691"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25691\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}