{"id":25735,"date":"2023-12-07T01:44:56","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T01:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/to-land-rent-la-gi-vi-du-minh-hoa-va-bieu-dien-to-duoi-dang-gia-tri.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:46:53","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:46:53","slug":"to-land-rent-la-gi-vi-du-minh-hoa-va-bieu-dien-to-duoi-dang-gia-tri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/to-land-rent-la-gi-vi-du-minh-hoa-va-bieu-dien-to-duoi-dang-gia-tri.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00f4 (Land rent) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: canva)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u00f4<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00f4<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0:\u00a0Land rent.<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00f4<\/b> l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t tham gia v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: g\u1ecdi P l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111<\/span>\u00f3; C l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111<\/span>\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111<\/span>\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 P v\u00e0 C \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00f4. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh t\u00f4 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111<\/span>\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch,\u00a0\u0111<\/span>\u00f4i khi t\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung b\u00ecnh (AP) tr\u1eeb \u0111<\/span>i chi ph\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh (AC).\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda<\/font><\/h3>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t thu\u00ea lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng \u0111<\/span>\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, sau khi \u0111<\/span>\u00e3 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed \u0111<\/span>\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00f4 s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t. \u0111<\/span>\u1ec3 \u0111<\/span>\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3 \u0111<\/span>\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 0, \u0111<\/span>\u1ec3 thu \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 t\u1ed1i \u0111<\/span>a th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea bao nhi\u00eau lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p?\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 \u0111<\/span>\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t s\u1edf h\u1eefu 150 ha v\u00e0 thu\u00ea 10 lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 100 th\u00f9ng\/lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 1800 th\u00f9ng l\u00faa m\u00ec, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh \/lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 AP = 1800\/10 = 180 th\u00f9ng\/lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea7n t\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t thu \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 800 th\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t thu\u00ea 11 lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 1900\u00a0th\u00f9ng, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh\/lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng 1900\/11=173 th\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 1900-1100=800 th\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng th\u1ee9 11 b\u1eb1ng (1900-1800)\/(11-10) = 100 th\u00f9ng , b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea th\u00eam lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng th\u1ee9 11. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ead\u1ef5, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 \u0111<\/span>\u1ecbnh th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea 11 lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111<\/span>a ho\u00e1 t\u00f4 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t (MP=MC).\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 1. cho th\u1ea5y: s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bi\u00ean MP c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng 100 th\u00f9ng\/lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 \u0111<\/span>\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng 0 th\u00ec t\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t thu \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u1eb1m abcd hay di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1eddng MP (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thu\u00ea 11 lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ab’c’d’ (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thu\u00ea 10 lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng).<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1. T\u00f4 \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

* Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 2. T\u00f4 \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Trong c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n n\u00e0y, MC l\u00e0\u00a0chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean\u00a0c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa m\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea lao \u0111<\/span>\u1ed9ng. P l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111<\/span>\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111<\/span>a ho\u00e1 t\u00f4 t\u1ea1i \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec3m P = MR = MC, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng q.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 doanh thu TR= P*q = di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh 0Paq.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111<\/span>\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh 0iaq n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1eddng MC.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111<\/span>\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ipa.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng,\u00a0TS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Song – TS. V\u0169 Th\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee5y, 2006, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n T\u00f4 (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Land rent) l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t tham gia v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25735"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25735"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25735\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}