{"id":25761,"date":"2023-12-07T01:46:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T01:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thang-du-tieu-dung-consumer-surplus-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:53:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T03:53:52","slug":"thang-du-tieu-dung-consumer-surplus-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thang-du-tieu-dung-consumer-surplus-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (Consumer Surplus) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Economics For Investment Decision Makers<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (Consumer Surplus)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Consumer Surplus<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/b> l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, x\u1ea3y ra khi gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1844 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9, k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u0103ng th\u00eam do ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi ti\u00eau th\u00eam cho n\u00f3 c\u00e0ng \u00edt, do l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u d\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng (s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh) v\u00e0 b\u00ean tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u0103ng khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m khi gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 mua v\u00e9 m\u00e1y bay cho chuy\u1ebfn bay \u0111\u1ebfn Disney trong tu\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 100 \u0111\u00f4 la, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 300 \u0111\u00f4 la cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e9. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 200 \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u du l\u1ecbch t\u1edbi Disney trong tu\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 v\u00e9, c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang l\u1ea5y th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng th\u00eam).<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o: Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Consumer Surplus) l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, x\u1ea3y ra khi gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25761"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25761"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25761\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}