{"id":25887,"date":"2023-12-07T02:14:03","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tro-choi-toi-hau-thu-ultimatum-game-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T11:22:12","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T04:22:12","slug":"tro-choi-toi-hau-thu-ultimatum-game-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tro-choi-toi-hau-thu-ultimatum-game-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 (Ultimatum game) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 (Ultimatum game)<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Ultimatum game<\/b>. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 <\/i>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 <\/i>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u00f3 hai b\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u1ea9n danh. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch chia m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i th\u1ee9 hai (b\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i). N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 hai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0<\/font><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111ang trong ph\u00f2ng A v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda kh\u00e1c \u0111ang trong ph\u00f2ng B. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia trong ph\u00f2ng A s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 trong ph\u00f2ng B. Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ai.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng A (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho 10$ v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i chia cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng B (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3) m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a 10$.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng A c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec – t\u1eeb 0$, 1$, 2$, 3$, 4$, 5$, 6$, 7$, 8$, 9$ hay 10$.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u1edf ph\u00f2ng B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia, tr\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u1ed7i b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 chia m\u00e0 b\u00ean A \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb. Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng A. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eedi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia b\u1eaft c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng B bao nhi\u00eau? H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec t\u1eeb 0$ \u0111\u1ebfn 10$ v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kia t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi x$ v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i (10 – x)$.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/font><\/h3>\n

L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 mang t\u00ednh t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 1$.<\/p>\n

Trung b\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb g\u1eedi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n chia t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u00e1c nhau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 20% s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00f3 (2 $ trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean) v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 kho\u1ea3ng 50%.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u00e0nh vi, NXB Kinh t\u1ebf TP. HCM;\u00a0McGill CS)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Ultimatum game) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd chia s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25887"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25887\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}