{"id":26079,"date":"2023-12-07T02:22:12","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:22:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-dong-thong-minh-smart-contracts-la-gi-thach-thuc-khi-su-dung-hop-dong-thong-minh.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T11:27:11","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T04:27:11","slug":"hop-dong-thong-minh-smart-contracts-la-gi-thach-thuc-khi-su-dung-hop-dong-thong-minh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-dong-thong-minh-smart-contracts-la-gi-thach-thuc-khi-su-dung-hop-dong-thong-minh.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh (Smart contracts) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: miethereum.com<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Smart contracts<\/b>.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/b> l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean. (Theo: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh CFA level I n\u0103m nay)<\/i><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994 b\u1edfi Nick Szabo. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra ti\u1ec1n \u1ea3o “Bit Gold” v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1998 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc 10 n\u0103m so v\u1edbi\u00a0Bitcoin).
<\/i><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/font><\/h3>\n

1. M\u00e3 h\u00f3a (Coding)<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc “n\u1ebfu – th\u00ec” (If – then).<\/p>\n

2. H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n<\/b><\/p>\n

Sau khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i (blockchain) c\u00f4ng khai nh\u01b0 Bitcoin, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a giao d\u1ecbch Bitcoin.<\/p>\n

3. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Sau khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/font><\/h3>\n

1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o. V\u00e0o , m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Solidity \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 40 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh Etheruem.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n (scripting languages). V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong qui tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u00ean thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e1p l\u00ed.<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0<\/font>blockchaintechnologies<\/font>,<\/font>\u00a0researchgate<\/font><\/font><\/i><\/font>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Smart contracts) l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26079"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26079\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}