{"id":26099,"date":"2023-12-07T02:23:01","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:23:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kiem-dinh-bonferroni-bonferroni-test-la-gi-khai-niem-va-dac-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T11:27:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T04:27:13","slug":"kiem-dinh-bonferroni-bonferroni-test-la-gi-khai-niem-va-dac-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kiem-dinh-bonferroni-bonferroni-test-la-gi-khai-niem-va-dac-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni (Bonferroni Test) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Fieldtriptoolbox.org<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni<\/b>, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh Bonferroni <\/b> ho\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh Bonferroni <\/b>trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Bonferroni Test<\/b>, Bonferroni Correction<\/b> hay Bonferroni Adjustment<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c trong ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 99% th\u1eddi gian, khi ch\u1ea1y 100 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni <\/b> c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb “p” cho m\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng \u03b1chia cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f3, \u00f4ng Carlo Emilio Bonferroni (1892 – 1960). <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh so s\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Scheffe<\/i> <\/i>v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Tukey-Kramer<\/i>. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni l\u00e0 n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao h\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh. Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1c b\u1ecf gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng. Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. <\/p>\n

Trong khi gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft thay th\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u00f3 hai k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0Bonferroni\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i 5%, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 5% t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i 5% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u03b1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi nhi\u1ec1u so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i cho m\u1ed7i so s\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Bonferroni \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u so s\u00e1nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Bonferroni l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chia cho gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u03b1. <\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i 5% t\u1eeb v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 0,025 hay b\u1eb1ng 0,05\/2. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 0,0125 hay 0,05\/4.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u00fd ch\u00ednh<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea.<\/p>\n

– Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u so s\u00e1nh, l\u1ed7i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

– Bonferroni \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mang c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Bonferroni (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Bonferroni Test) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26099"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26099"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26099\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}