{"id":26179,"date":"2023-12-07T02:26:24","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hieu-ung-so-huu-endowment-effects-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:37:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:37:44","slug":"hieu-ung-so-huu-endowment-effects-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hieu-ung-so-huu-endowment-effects-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu (Endowment effects) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-body vceditor-content wi-active\" data-role=\"content\">\n<div class=\"VCSortableInPreviewMode\" type=\"Photo\" style=\"\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"PhotoCMS_Caption\">\n<p>H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: neutralizeall)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/font><\/h2>\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/b> hay <b>t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng &#8216;ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a&#8217;<\/b> hay<b> &#8216;Con c\u00e1 m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 con c\u00e1 to&#8217;<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: <b>Endowment effects.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Trong l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng &#8220;ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a&#8221; (hay &#8220;con c\u00e1 m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 con c\u00e1 to&#8221;) x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n mua n\u00f3 (n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1eadt n\u00e0y) (Kahneman, Knetsch v\u00e0 Thaler, 1991 &#8211; trong \u0111\u00f3 Kahneman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m 2002 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00ed h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eb7ng\u00a01 c\u00e1i c\u1ed1c (li) gi\u00e1 30.000 VND v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng 30.000 VND. Theo l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft trao \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng 30.000 VND s\u1ebd b\u00e1n chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y 30.000 VND, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 30.000 VND l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c th\u00ec s\u1ebd mua chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 30.000 VND.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0, khi th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ai b\u00e1n chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c gi\u00e1 30.000 VND, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai mua chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 30.000 VND. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 cho b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh th\u00edch.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/font><\/h3>\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hay nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1i di d\u1eddi ra ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sau khi di d\u1eddi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed r\u1eddi b\u1ecf t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u0169 cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (switching costs).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00f4ng qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi ph\u00ed di d\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di d\u1eddi, x\u00e2y c\u0103n h\u1ed9 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 cho h\u1ecd, thay v\u00ec b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed &#8211; l\u1ee3i \u00edch, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00eam c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf lu\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00ed h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p><i>(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Kinh t\u1ebf Lu\u1eadt, L\u00ea N\u1ebft, 2006, NXB Tri th\u1ee9c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-sapo\" data-role=\"sapo\">\n                            Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Endowment effects) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu cao h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 phi l\u00ed, so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\n                        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26179"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26179"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26179\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}