{"id":26219,"date":"2023-12-07T02:28:03","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap-income-inequality-la-gi-vi-du-ve-bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T11:30:31","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T04:30:31","slug":"bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap-income-inequality-la-gi-vi-du-ve-bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap-income-inequality-la-gi-vi-du-ve-bat-binh-dang-thu-nhap.html","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp (Income Inequality) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: diem25.org<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0\u00a0Income Inequality.<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp <\/i>l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung trong tay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf trong t\u1ed5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. Khi x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp,<\/i> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thu nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp theo ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp <\/i>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho:<\/p>\n

– Nam so v\u1edbi n\u1eef<\/p>\n

– D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/p>\n

– V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed<\/p>\n

– Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

– Thu nh\u1eadp trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/i>. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1963 \u0111\u1ebfn 2016 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111i, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1963 \u0111\u1ebfn :<\/p>\n

– 10% ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n gi\u1edd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 1.000 USD<\/p>\n

– T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh t\u0103ng h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n

– T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c top 10% ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 5 l\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

– T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c top 1% ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 7 l\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Gini \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi Italy Corrado Gini v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1900, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/i> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Gini dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 100, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng cao cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/i> c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y Nam Phi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp<\/i> cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Gini l\u00e0 63,0. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Gini c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 41,5. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Gini th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ukraine, \u1edf m\u1ee9c 25,0.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp <\/b>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Qu\u0129 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m 10% ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111ang gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u00ean phong \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

(Theo investopedia)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng thu nh\u1eadp (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Income Inequality) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung trong tay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf trong t\u1ed5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26219"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26219\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}