{"id":26279,"date":"2023-12-07T02:30:06","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:30:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/do-nhon-kurtosis-la-gi-cac-loai-phan-phoi-theo-do-nhon.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:35:56","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:35:56","slug":"do-nhon-kurtosis-la-gi-cac-loai-phan-phoi-theo-do-nhon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/do-nhon-kurtosis-la-gi-cac-loai-phan-phoi-theo-do-nhon.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn (Kurtosis) la\u0300 gi\u0300? C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Learningstatisticswithr.com<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn<\/span><\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn<\/b>\u00a0trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Kurtosis<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch<\/b>, \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ca\u0301c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111u\u00f4i so v\u1edbi \u0111u\u00f4i kia, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn<\/b>\u00a0\u0111o l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ca\u0301c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 \u1edf m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111u\u00f4i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u1edbn cho th\u00e2\u0301y ca\u0301c d\u01b0\u0303 li\u1ec7u \u01a1\u0309 \u0111u\u00f4i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u00e2\u0309n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh). C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n th\u1ea5p co\u0301 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111u\u00f4i co\u0301 ca\u0301c gia\u0301 tri\u0323 c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 th\u00e2\u0301p h\u01a1n \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u00e2\u0309n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n cu\u0309a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao a\u0301m chi\u0309 r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ebd co\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c), va\u0300 \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m c\u1ef1c tri\u0323<\/b> l\u01a1\u0301n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c + ho\u1eb7c – 3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u00e2\u0309n so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1edfi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn chu\u00e2\u0309n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ru\u0309i ro \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u01b0\u0301c n\u0103\u0323ng cu\u0309a \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Khi m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i chu\u00e2\u0309n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u00ea\u0303n th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb hi\u0300nh chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ea\u0300u n\u0103\u0300m trong kho\u1ea3ng + ho\u1eb7c – 3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n so v\u01a1\u0301i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u01a1\u0301n, \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi + ho\u1eb7c – 3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i chu\u00e2\u0309n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n<\/b> \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m cao nh\u00e2\u0301t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nh\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i va\u0300 co\u0301 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i \u0111o\u0301. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n th\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i theo \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i theo \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c loa\u0323i ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i theo \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0300u \u0111em so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Mesokurtic:<\/b><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u00e2\u0309n, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh cu\u0309a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i na\u0300y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u00e2\u0309n.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic:<\/b><\/p>\n

– B\u1ea5t k\u00ec<\/span> ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic n\u00e0o cu\u0303ng co\u0301 \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> nho\u0323n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Mesokurtic. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i (ca\u0301c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m ngo\u1ea1i lai).\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 “lepto-” c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “g\u1ea7y”, \u0111\u00ea\u0309 cho ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 “g\u00e2\u0300y” cu\u0309a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m ngo\u1ea1i lai la\u0300m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c ngang c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3, l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n theo m\u1ed9t<\/span> h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng d\u1ecdc. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u00ea\u0300u ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cho r\u0103\u0300ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic “t\u1eadp trung v\u00ea\u0300 gia\u0301 tri\u0323 trung b\u00ecnh”.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Leptokurtic l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i T<\/b> v\u1edbi b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Platykurtic<\/b>:<\/p>\n

– Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i ng\u1eafn (co\u0301 i\u0301t \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m ngoa\u0323i lai).\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 “platy-” c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “r\u1ed9ng”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t<\/span> da\u0323ng ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i\u00a0Platykurtic v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh r\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i beta (.5,1) c\u0169ng la\u0300 m\u1ed9t<\/span> ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i da\u0323ng Platykurtic v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ef1c k\u00ec<\/span> nh\u1ecdn. L\u00fd do c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Platykurtic l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chu\u00e2\u0309n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn co\u0301 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Platykurtic l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay l\u00e0 s\u1ebd hi\u1ebfm khi co\u0301 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ef1c tri\u0323 (ca\u0301c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m ngoa\u0323i lai).<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn (ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh: Kurtosis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ca\u0301c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111o\u0301.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26279"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26279\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}