{"id":26398,"date":"2023-12-07T02:34:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:34:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tu-nhan-hoa-privatization-la-gi-co-cac-mo-hinh-tu-nhan-hoa-nao.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:38:34","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:38:34","slug":"tu-nhan-hoa-privatization-la-gi-co-cac-mo-hinh-tu-nhan-hoa-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tu-nhan-hoa-privatization-la-gi-co-cac-mo-hinh-tu-nhan-hoa-nao.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a (Privatization) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: ndh.vn<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/font><\/h2>\n

T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Privatization<\/b>.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/b> l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 sang s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c giao d\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng khai sang th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. <\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng ngu\u1ed3n thu ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u1edbi thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. <\/p>\n

C\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o?<\/font><\/h3>\n

T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n:<\/b> Theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n:<\/b> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh (PPP). PPP ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, do c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chung.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ty h\u00f3a:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u00edch nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, gas, \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 theo gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/font><\/font><\/h3>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 do tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1eadp san khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 1 n\u0103m 2006, \u0110H M\u1edf TP HCM<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Privatization) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 sang s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26398"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26398\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}