{"id":26422,"date":"2023-12-07T02:35:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:35:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/li-thuyet-phat-trien-khong-can-doi-unbalanced-growth-theory-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:41:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:41:51","slug":"li-thuyet-phat-trien-khong-can-doi-unbalanced-growth-theory-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/li-thuyet-phat-trien-khong-can-doi-unbalanced-growth-theory-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i (Unbalanced growth theory) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: dailylife)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i <\/b>hay c\u00e1c “c\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/b>” trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Unbalanced growth theory.<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y (A. Hirschman, F. Perrons.) cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia.\u00a0<\/p>\n

L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. N\u1ebfu cung b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh th\u00ec s\u1ebd tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t “c\u00fa h\u00edch” th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00f4i k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c theo ki\u1ec3u l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– Trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vai tr\u00f2 “c\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng” c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c (v\u1ed1n khan hi\u1ebfm) cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

– Do trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf,.<\/p>\n

M\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n m\u00e0 cho l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau th\u00ec l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb sau s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a m\u1edbi (NICs).\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ngo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf,\u00a0Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Unbalanced growth theory) cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26422"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26422\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}