{"id":26606,"date":"2023-12-07T02:42:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:42:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dinh-muc-du-toan-estimated-norm-la-gi-phan-loai-cac-dinh-muc-du-toan.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:54:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:54:38","slug":"dinh-muc-du-toan-estimated-norm-la-gi-phan-loai-cac-dinh-muc-du-toan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dinh-muc-du-toan-estimated-norm-la-gi-phan-loai-cac-dinh-muc-du-toan.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n (Estimated Norm) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: artinweb.gr)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n (Estimated Norm)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Estimated Norm<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau ph\u00ed t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u quan s\u00e1t, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong d\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. M\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

Theo th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 23\/BXD-VKT ng\u00e0y 15\/12\/1994 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1u do B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chuy\u00ean ngh\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt, tr\u00ean c\u1edf s\u1edf \u0111o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ee9c bao qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ra \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ef1 to\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft qui \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c theo hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y l\u1eafp ri\u00eang r\u1ebd n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p qui \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c theo hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp chung cho m\u1ecdi chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ri\u00eang cho t\u1eebng chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i hay c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5, v\u1ec1 hao h\u1ee5t v\u1eadt t\u01b0…).<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Kinh doanh X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Estimated Norm) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u quan s\u00e1t, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26606"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26606"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26606\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}