{"id":26623,"date":"2023-12-07T02:42:56","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T02:42:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nhan-tu-multiplier-la-gi-cac-thuoc-tinh-quan-trong-cua-nhan-tu.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:42:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:42:50","slug":"nhan-tu-multiplier-la-gi-cac-thuoc-tinh-quan-trong-cua-nhan-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nhan-tu-multiplier-la-gi-cac-thuoc-tinh-quan-trong-cua-nhan-tu.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed (Multiplier) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed (Multiplier)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed <\/b>hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Multiplier<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed (Multiplier)\u00a0<\/i>l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t sinh trong s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chia cho m\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong chi ti\u00eau hay t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan<\/i><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eed \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 chi ti\u00eau (b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chi ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thu nh\u1eadp) \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng (gi\u1ea3m) cao h\u01a1n trong s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/font><\/font><\/h3>\n

Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 hai thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:\u00a0<\/p>\n

(1) n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi;\u00a0<\/p>\n

(2) gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/i> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi cho ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean – c) t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (s). V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e2n t\u1eed <\/i>(A) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: A = 1\/(1 – c) = 1\/s (v\u1edbi c + s = 1)<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn (khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf), gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng \u00a0th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 A(g)\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n thu\u1ebf [A(f)\u00a0= – c\/(1 – c)] trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t (t), g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 thu\u1ebf: A = – c\/[1 – c(1 – t)].<\/p>\n

Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edf, nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (k\u00ed \u00a0hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 MPM, m), nh\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c A = – c\/[1 – c(1 – t) + m]. D\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edf.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc, T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Nh\u00e2n t\u1eed (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Multiplier) l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t sinh trong s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chia cho m\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong chi ti\u00eau hay t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26623"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26623"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26623\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}