{"id":26665,"date":"2023-12-07T03:01:54","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:01:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/san-xuat-tinh-gon-lean-production-la-gi-loi-ich.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:35:25","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:35:25","slug":"san-xuat-tinh-gon-lean-production-la-gi-loi-ich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/san-xuat-tinh-gon-lean-production-la-gi-loi-ich.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (Lean Production) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ee3i \u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: knacert)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Lean Production <\/b>hay\u00a0Lean Manufacturing.<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. (Theo trang searcherp)<\/i><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb “tinh g\u1ecdn” trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba, v\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. (Theo trang techopedia)<\/i><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/font><\/h3>\n

– C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\/hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1ea3m ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, gi\u1ea3m di chuy\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c th\u1eeba trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\/v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean\/c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u01b0 duy r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n (quality at source!)<\/p>\n

– R\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\/ cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (cycle time) nh\u1edd h\u1ee3p tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed do s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (set-up time) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau (change-over time).<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh do t\u1ed3n kho qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m dang d\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n (WIP\/ Work-In-Process) l\u1eabn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m nh\u1edd v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean tr\u1ecb JIT – Just in time.<\/p>\n

– N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 TPM (Total Productive Maintenance – Duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3), b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (Cell Manufacturing).<\/p>\n

– T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (level loading) m\u1ed7i khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

– Khi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (lead time) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh (cycle time) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 <\/b>Aza Badurdeen (2007) n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p dung s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 50%<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1edf dang t\u1edbi 80%<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y kho\u1ea3ng 30%<\/p>\n

– T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 30%<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tinh g\u1ecdn<\/font><\/h3>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tinh g\u1ecdn so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft tr\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tinh g\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ 5S<\/p>\n

+ Kaizen (C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c)\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ Mieraku (Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan)<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan (Mieruka) l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, b\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3u, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p\u2026 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan bao g\u1ed3m: d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ec5 nh\u00ecn, d\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 5S s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– Ngo\u00e0i 3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tinh g\u1ecdn c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\/ ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0:\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 qui tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (Value Stream Mapping)<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba (Preventative Maintenance)<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 (Total Productive Maintenance)<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i\/chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb (Changeover\/setup time)<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u qui m\u00f4 l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

Qui ho\u1ea1ch m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Kanban<\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef nh\u1ecbp (Masterskillsmaker)<\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (Overall Equipment Effectiveness)\u2026<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn, \u0110H Duy T\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Lean Production) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26665"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26665"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26665\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}