{"id":26734,"date":"2023-12-07T03:05:16","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tinh-than-dong-vat-animal-spirits-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-tinh-than-dong-vat.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:38:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:38:37","slug":"tinh-than-dong-vat-animal-spirits-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-tinh-than-dong-vat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tinh-than-dong-vat-animal-spirits-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-tinh-than-dong-vat.html","title":{"rendered":"Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (Animal spirits) trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: Amazon.com<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Animal spirits.<\/b><\/p>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng hay t\u00ednh kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 kinh doanh, t\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh doanh t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 bi quan trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\u00a0Nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc John Maynard Keynes l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed1n L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng Joan Robinson m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc, T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/font><\/h3>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft b\u00e0n tay v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Adam Smiths cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00ed tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao nh\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n

Keynes cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00ed tr\u00ed v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi\u00a0tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt\u00a0(animal spirits)<\/i>.\u00a0Trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 phi kinh t\u1ebf. Trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Keynes, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt <\/i>l\u00e0 l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed9c Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Hoa K\u1ef3 2007 – 2009\u00a0l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng,\u00a0b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m,\u00a0ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n). Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c\u00a0kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c\u00a0kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u 2007 – 2008.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m 2008 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi, ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 gian l\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ni\u1ec1m tin nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1n th\u00e1o khi\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/b> trong c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1ea5p th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00e9o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y nay. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec. V\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang, Ben Bernanke.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (Animal spirits),\u00a0George A. Akerlof v\u00e0\u00a0Robert J. Shiller, NXB Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (ti\u1ebfng Anh: animal spirits) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26734"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26734"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26734\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}