{"id":26743,"date":"2023-12-07T03:05:39","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kinh-te-hoc-phuc-loi-welfare-economics-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:42:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:42:13","slug":"kinh-te-hoc-phuc-loi-welfare-economics-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kinh-te-hoc-phuc-loi-welfare-economics-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i (Welfare Economics) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i (Welfare Economics)<\/font><\/b><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Welfare Economics<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau. L\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\u00a0hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 Pareto:\u00a0m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 Pareto n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00ed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00ed ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f2n c\u1ea1nh tranh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1, th\u00ec ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3, trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 Pareto.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i <\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

– Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 Pareto kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tham gia v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00ec t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i qu\u1ed1c gia trong \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf C\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, NXB Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Welfare Economics) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26743"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26743\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}