{"id":26753,"date":"2023-12-07T03:06:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:06:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gia-bong-shadow-price-trong-danh-gia-tai-nguyen-moi-truong-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:37:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:37:47","slug":"gia-bong-shadow-price-trong-danh-gia-tai-nguyen-moi-truong-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gia-bong-shadow-price-trong-danh-gia-tai-nguyen-moi-truong-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng (Shadow price) trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: nandybooks)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0:\u00a0Shadow price.<\/b><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng<\/b> l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111<\/span>\u00e3 \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111<\/span>\u00edch trong ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i theo gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111<\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft quy\u1ebft \u0111<\/span>\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng cao. (Gregerson et al, 1987).<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111<\/span>\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111<\/span>\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp\u00a0<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 (traded items)<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 (non-traded items)<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b> l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed, l\u1ee3i \u00edch (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qui v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n) cho c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– \u00dd ngh\u0129a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n

+ Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n

+ S\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n

+ S\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n

+ Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111<\/span>\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n

+ H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n d\u1eabn \u0111<\/span>\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ngo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng do c\u00e1c \u0111<\/span>\u1eb7c \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec3m cu\u1ea3 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb<\/p>\n

+ T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean mang r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111<\/span>\u1eb7c \u0111<\/span>i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, \u0111<\/span>\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111<\/span>\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng,\u00a0TS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Song – TS. V\u0169 Th\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee5y, 2006, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Gi\u00e1 b\u00f3ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Shadow price) l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26753"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26753"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26753\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}