{"id":26761,"date":"2023-12-07T03:06:36","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoc-may-machine-learning-la-gi-ung-dung-thuc-tien.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:38:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:38:38","slug":"hoc-may-machine-learning-la-gi-ung-dung-thuc-tien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoc-may-machine-learning-la-gi-ung-dung-thuc-tien.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: techtalk.vn<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/b> hay m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Machine learning<\/b>, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: ML<\/b>.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (ML)<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c\u00a0tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ML l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

ML v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ML y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 “hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n” v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ML thi\u1ebfu quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong\u00a0d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn\u00a0(big data) \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ML v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i ML ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (supervised learning)<\/b> v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (unsupervised learning)<\/b>.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n (labeled data). Sau khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 thu\u1eadt h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hay bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ML \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (big data) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e3i \u0111\u1eadu xe c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p…Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh CFA level I n\u0103m nay<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y hay m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Machine learning) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t theo th\u1eddi gian.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26761"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26761"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26761\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}