{"id":26779,"date":"2023-12-07T03:07:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/loi-ich-can-bien-marginal-utility-la-gi-qui-luat-loi-ich-can-bien-giam-dan.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:42:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:42:13","slug":"loi-ich-can-bien-marginal-utility-la-gi-qui-luat-loi-ich-can-bien-giam-dan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/loi-ich-can-bien-marginal-utility-la-gi-qui-luat-loi-ich-can-bien-giam-dan.html","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginal Utility) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Qui lu\u1eadt l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (Marginal Utility)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a
<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Marginal Utility<\/b>. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/i> l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u0103ng th\u00eam do ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan<\/font><\/h3>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Utility. L\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n do ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau khi u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1t, anh ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1edfi c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1n kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a anh ta.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, anh ta \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Total Utility, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u TU.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n do ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

MU =\u00a0\u0394TU \/\u00a0\u0394Q<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

MU l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/p>\n

\u0394TU l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/p>\n

\u0394Q l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 anh ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 5; u\u1ed1ng hai c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 anh ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 8.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

MU = (8 – 5)\/(2-1) = 3<\/p>\n

Qui lu\u1eadt l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– C\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kho\u00e1i c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00e1t; c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean… \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba, th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i c\u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m…<\/p>\n

– Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai, l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai cao h\u01a1n c\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng th\u00eam. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qui lu\u1eadt l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Qui lu\u1eadt l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Qui lu\u1eadt l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n<\/i> n\u00f3i l\u00ean khi ta ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean song v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1ea3m \u0111i khi ta ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00eam h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf vi m\u00f4, NXB H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1eadn bi\u00ean (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Marginal Utility) l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u0103ng th\u00eam do ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26779"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26779\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}