{"id":26814,"date":"2023-12-07T03:08:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:08:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gia-tran-price-ceiling-trong-kinh-te-vi-mo-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:54:21","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:54:21","slug":"gia-tran-price-ceiling-trong-kinh-te-vi-mo-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/gia-tran-price-ceiling-trong-kinh-te-vi-mo-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n (Price ceiling) trong kinh t\u1ebf vi m\u00f4 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: frameimage)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Price ceiling.<\/b><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to l\u1edbn khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 \u1edf, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n\u2026<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a (d\u01b0 c\u1ea7u)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed khi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a can thi\u1ec7p, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m E, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 P* v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Q*. N\u1ebfu P* \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qui \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n l\u00e0 P1 trong \u0111\u00f3 P1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n P*. T\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 P1, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n QS1 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh QD1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 hay s\u1ef1 d\u01b0 c\u1ea7u do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u01b0 c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho d\u01b0 c\u1ea7u d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1ed3ng\u00a0th\u1eddi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi\u1ebfn cho gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c P1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e0: \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 P1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; n\u1ea1n x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c mua h\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n; th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1ea3y sinh do s\u1ef1 khan hi\u1ebfm h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1\u2026\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 k\u00ec v\u1ecdng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf Vi m\u00f4, PGS.TS. Ph\u00ed M\u1ea1nh H\u1ed3ng, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Price ceiling) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u – cung.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26814"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26814\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}