{"id":27068,"date":"2023-12-07T03:18:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:18:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/ham-tieu-dung-consumption-function-la-gi-do-thi-ham-tieu-dung.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:54:59","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:54:59","slug":"ham-tieu-dung-consumption-function-la-gi-do-thi-ham-tieu-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/ham-tieu-dung-consumption-function-la-gi-do-thi-ham-tieu-dung.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (Consumption Function) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: Investopedia<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (Consumption Function)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Consumption Function<\/b>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0\u00a0h\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/b> l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean<\/b>\u00a0(MPC) l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam khi thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

(1) Thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ban \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p, theo th\u1eddi gian thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u0103ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu thu nh\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

(2) Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. M\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edt t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

(3) D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean trong hai gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean: Do Milton Friedman \u0111\u01b0a ra. Thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Theo \u00f4ng th\u00ec m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng khi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft thu nh\u1eadp d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi: Do Franco Modigliani v\u00e0 Albert Ando \u0111\u01b0a ra. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea1ch ra chi ti\u00eau cho hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. N\u00f3i chung, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m l\u00fac c\u00f2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch l\u0169y cho tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh m\u00e0 cao th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c ho\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tung l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng qu\u1ed1c gia. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau:\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean, MPC l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eadn bi\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (1), n\u1ebfu Y = 0 th\u00ec C = C\u0305.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1\u00a0C\u0305 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb “m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c”. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c ngay c\u1ea3 khi thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng 0, v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4, NXB T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7?<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: Ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7? trong h\u00ecnh 4.2, ta k\u1ebb th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 45\u00b0. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a045\u00b0 \u0111\u1ec1u cho ta C = Y. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 45\u00b0 (gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec3m V) c\u00f3 Cv = Yv.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec3m V \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 <\/b>– \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 chi ti\u00eau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (\u0111i\u1ec3m V) th\u00ec ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng cao h\u01a1n thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 4.2 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb F \u0111\u1ebfn E. Ta th\u1ea5y ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c E cao h\u01a1n thu nh\u1eadp \u1edf m\u1ee9c F. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m V th\u00ec ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u00edt h\u01a1n thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 thu nh\u1eadp d\u00f4i ra \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong h\u00ecnh 4.2 th\u00ec b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m V \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Yv, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng cao h\u01a1n thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m V th\u00ec thu nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i cao h\u01a1n ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4, NXB T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Consumption Function) l\u00e0 h\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27068"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27068"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27068\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}