{"id":27111,"date":"2023-12-07T03:19:55","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:19:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kinh-te-ke-hoach-planned-economy-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:41:57","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:41:57","slug":"kinh-te-ke-hoach-planned-economy-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kinh-te-ke-hoach-planned-economy-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Planned Economy) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: feminisminindia<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Planned Economy)<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Planned Economy<\/b>. Kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung hay kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1i g\u00ec, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho ai?\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/font><\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Li\u00ean x\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– G\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao v\u1eadt t\u01b0, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n theo nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qui \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng hay thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf) b\u1ecb qui \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thang, b\u1eadc l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi qu\u0129 l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n l\u00e3i m\u00e0 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc thu. B\u00f9 l\u1ea1i, khi b\u1ecb thua l\u1ed7, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, “b\u00f9 l\u1ed7”.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, hay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/b> thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. T\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung cao \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch phi t\u1eadp trung. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, do c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, theo gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf vi m\u00f4, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Planned Economy) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27111"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27111"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27111\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}